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Only some attempts at meaning-making are successful. The role of change-relatedness and positive […]
Huang, Manxia; Schmiedek, Florian; Habermas, Tilmann
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Personality | 2021
41066 Endnote
Author(s):
Huang, Manxia; Schmiedek, Florian; Habermas, Tilmann
Title:
Only some attempts at meaning-making are successful. The role of change-relatedness and positive implications for the self
In:
Journal of Personality, 89 (2021) 2, S. 175-187
DOI:
10.1111/jopy.12573
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jopy.12573
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Erwachsener; Eltern; Verlust; Trauer; Depression; Psychisches Trauma; Bewältigung; Biografie; Wandel; Akzeptanz; Bildungsbeteiligung; Dauer; Bildungsniveau; Einflussfaktor; Befragung; Fragebogen; China
Abstract:
Objective: Although meaning making and specifically autobiographical reasoning are expected to relate to well-being, findings tend to be mixed. Attempts at meaning making do not always lead to meaning made. We aimed to disentangle these complex relationships and also explore the role of level of education. Method: Ninety participants (mean age 36.73 years, SD = 7.27; 74.4% women, 25.6% men) who had experienced the loss of a parent through death, going missing, or Alzheimer's disease narrated this loss, a sad, a turning point, and a self-defining memory, and completed questionnaires assessing depression, trauma symptoms, and protracted grief. Three aspects of autobiographical reasoning (quantity, valence, and change-relatedness of self-event connections) were related to meaning made (sophistication of meaning making) and symptom level. Results: Years of education correlated both with positive implications of autobiographical reasoning and with meaning made. The quantity, positivity, and change-relatedness of attempts at meaning making (self-event connections) predicted accomplished meaning made, and positivity alone predicted less prolonged grief. Conclusions: Adapting the life story after a loss such that change of the self is acknowledged and positive change can be constructed helps finding meaning and lowering protracted grief. These changes in narrative identity are supported by more years of education. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
COVID-19 and lessons learned - preparing for future pandemics
Alcani, Antonio; Corda, Daniela; Guerder, Sylvie; Konrad, Kai; Kunter, Mareike; Lalo, Arnaud; […]
Working Papers
| 2021
42337 Endnote
Author(s):
Alcani, Antonio; Corda, Daniela; Guerder, Sylvie; Konrad, Kai; Kunter, Mareike; Lalo, Arnaud; Maga, Giovanni; Meyer-Hermann, Michael; Priesemann, Viola; Protzer, Ulrike; Ramiro, Diego; Tonzer, Lena
Title:
COVID-19 and lessons learned - preparing for future pandemics
Published:
Brüssel: Leibniz-Association Europe Office, 2021
URL:
https://www.cnr.it/en/news/attachment/2361
Publication Type:
5. Arbeits- und Diskussionspapiere; Stellungnahme/Positionspapier
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
COVID-19; Pandemie; Erfahrung; Infektionsschutz; Intervention; Maßnahme; Internationale Zusammenarbeit; Epidemiologie; Infektionskrankheit; Fachwissen; Grundwissen; Open Science; Forschung; Interdisziplinarität; Datenerhebung; Überwachung; Daten; Infrastruktur; Schutzmaßnahme; Prävention; Krisenbewältigung; Bevölkerung; Wirtschaft; Bildung
Abstract:
This paper has been drafted by a group of 12 mandated scientists from six large multidisciplinary Research Performing Organisations located in Europe, the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, the Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, the Leibniz-Gemeinschaft and the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. Written under the impression of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it focuses on future pandemics similar in magnitude, the risk of spreading, and impact from a scientific perspective. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Tomorrow's gonna suck. Today's stress anticipation predicts tomorrow's post-awakening cortisol […]
Kramer, Andrea C.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Stoffel, Martin; Voss, Andreas; Ditzen, Beate
Journal Article
| In: Psychoneuroendocrinology | 2019
39079 Endnote
Author(s):
Kramer, Andrea C.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Stoffel, Martin; Voss, Andreas; Ditzen, Beate
Title:
Tomorrow's gonna suck. Today's stress anticipation predicts tomorrow's post-awakening cortisol increase
In:
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 106 (2019) , S. 38-46
DOI:
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.03.024
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-174748
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/17474/pdf/Kramer_2019_tomorrows_gonna_suck_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Stress; Psychophysiologie; Prognose; Wirkung; Tagesablauf; Bewältigung; Psychische Vorgänge; Junger Erwachsener; Messung; Schlaf; Dauer; Neuropsychologie
Abstract (english):
The cortisol awakening response (a rapid rise in cortisol concentration shortly after awakening) is hypothesized to prepare the organism to cope with upcoming demands, suggesting a key role for anticipatory stress in its regulation. Yet, no thorough test of this hypothesis incorporating temporal dynamics of the underlying processes has been conducted so far. To address this gap in the literature, the present study investigated the effects of anticipated stress for the next day (assessed in the evening) on an estimate of the cortisol awakening response (assessed in the following morning). In an ambulatory assessment paradigm, 42 participants (69% female; mean age = 22.8, range = 18-30 years) completed 5 consecutive days of assessments in their daily lives, collecting saliva samples at awakening and 30 minutes later. Using hierarchical linear modeling, associations with anticipatory stress were examined separately on the within- and between-person level. In line with our expectations, anticipatory stress predicted the post-awakening cortisol increase on the within-person level, implying an elevated cortisol rise on days for which more stress than usual had been anticipated. In contrast, on the between-person level higher average anticipatory stress did not predict an increased cortisol rise. Taken together, the findings confirm a key role of anticipatory stress in the regulation of the cortisol awakening response on the within-person level. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Age differences in proactive coping with minor hassles in daily life
Neubauer, Andreas B.; Smyth, Joshua M.; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Journal Article
| In: Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences | 2019
38446 Endnote
Author(s):
Neubauer, Andreas B.; Smyth, Joshua M.; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Title:
Age differences in proactive coping with minor hassles in daily life
In:
Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 74 (2019) 1, S. 7-16
DOI:
10.1093/geronb/gby061
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-168832
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/16883/pdf/JGPS_2019_1_Neubauer_Smyth_Sliwinski_Age_differences_in_proactive_coping_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alltag; Alter Mensch; Altersgruppe; Bewältigung; Coping; Empirische Untersuchung; Junger Erwachsener; Messverfahren; Schwierigkeit; Vergleich; Wirkung
Abstract (english):
Objectives: Age differences in the exposure to minor hassles in daily life have been postulated by socioemotional selectivity theory and reported by previous research, with older adults reporting fewer stressors. The present study examined two potential mechanisms explaining this reduction in reported stressor exposure with advancing age: age-related changes in proactive coping and in the threshold of labeling an event as stressor. Method: Participants (N = 178; 20-79 years; M = 49.5; SD = 17; 51% female) were investigated in a measurement burst study consisting of three measurement bursts (each comprised of five daily assessments for 7 consecutive days), separated by 9 months each. Results: Older age was unrelated to reporting an event or the thresholds for labeling the event as a stressor, but was positively related to self-reported use of proactive coping and negatively related to reported event severity. Discussion: Results are consistent with the view that older adults engage in more proactive coping to deal with minor hassles in their daily lives to manage these problems before they become more stressful. Older adults did not report fewer potentially stressful events but they reported these events as less unpleasant. The adaptive value of proactive coping, in particular for older adults, is discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Back to the future. Examining age differences in processes before stressor exposure
Neupert, Shevaun D.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Scott, Stacey B.; Hyun, Jinshil; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Journal Article
| In: Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences | 2019
38480 Endnote
Author(s):
Neupert, Shevaun D.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Scott, Stacey B.; Hyun, Jinshil; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Title:
Back to the future. Examining age differences in processes before stressor exposure
In:
Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 74 (2019) 1, S. 1-6
DOI:
10.1093/geronb/gby074
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-189687
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/18968/pdf/JGPS_2019_1_Neupert_et_al_Back_to_the_future_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alltag; Alter Mensch; Altersgruppe; Bewältigung; Coping; Emotion; Erwartung; Junger Erwachsener; Kognition; Prognose; Resilienz; Strategie; Stress; Vergleich; Wirkung
Abstract:
Although it is generally accepted that stress is associated with poorer health and cognitive functioning, previous work has focused on what happens after stressors occur [...]. In this special section, we present a novel conceptual framework and initial empirical work that integrates the temporal space of anticipation before stressors occur. Understanding processes that may prevent exposure to or reduce the effects of stressors can have tremendous benefits for longevity and successful aging. In this overview, we describe our conceptual framework and relevant aging theories that form the foundation for our predictions across studies. We also briefly introduce the data sets and study designs and propose preliminary implications. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
"Doppelter Praxisschock" auf dem Weg ins Lehramt? Verlauf und potentielle Einflussfaktoren […]
Dicke, Theresa; Holzberger, Doris; Kunina-Habenicht, Olga; Linninger, Christina; […]
Journal Article
| In: Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht | 2016
36566 Endnote
Author(s):
Dicke, Theresa; Holzberger, Doris; Kunina-Habenicht, Olga; Linninger, Christina; Schulze-Stocker, Franziska; Seidel, Tina; Terhart, Ewald; Leutner, Detlev; Kunter, Mareike
Title:
"Doppelter Praxisschock" auf dem Weg ins Lehramt? Verlauf und potentielle Einflussfaktoren emotionaler Erschöpfung während des Vorbereitungsdienstes und nach dem Berufseintritt
In:
Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 63 (2016) 4, S. 244-257
DOI:
10.2378/peu2016.art20d
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Deutsch
Keywords:
Arbeitsbedingungen; Belastung; Berufsanfänger; Berufsanforderung; Bewältigung; Deutschland; Einflussfaktor; Emotionaler Zustand; Empirische Untersuchung; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Lehramt; Lehrerausbildung; Messung; Nordrhein-Westfalen; Praxis; Quasi-Experiment; Referendariat; Reform; Schule; Stress; Veränderung
Abstract:
Lehrkräfte am Anfang ihrer Berufstätigkeit werden häufig mit einem hohen Beanspruchungsniveau und dem sogenannten Praxisschock assoziiert. Obwohl der in Deutschland durchgeführte Vorbereitungsdienst einen schonenden Einstieg gewährleisten soll, unterliegt dieser häufig Kritik, sodass im Jahr 2009 eine umfassende Reform des Vorbereitungsdienstes beschlossen wurde. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht daher in einem quasi-experimentellen (Vergleich der Kohorte vor der Reform mit der danach) Prä-Post-Post-Design den Verlauf und potenzielle Einflussfaktoren auf emotionale Erschöpfung zu Beginn (Messzeitpunkt 1) und Ende (Messzeitpunkt 2) des Vorbereitungsdienstes sowie nach dem Berufseintritt (Messzeitpunkt 3) für Lehramtsanwärterinnen und -anwärter in Nordrhein-Westfalen (N = 1749). Es zeigte sich nach Abnahme der emotionalen Erschöpfung im Verlauf des Vorbereitungsdienstes ein Anstieg während des ersten Jahres als Lehrkraft, was als Indiz für das Vorliegen eines zweiten Praxisschocks angesehen werden kann. In Bezug auf Einflussfaktoren der subjektiv empfundenen Beanspruchung scheinen weder die Reform des Vorbereitungsdienstes noch die Schulform, an der die Lehramtsanwärterinnen und -anwärter unterrichten, einen Einfluss zu haben. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
Beginning teachers are often associated with high strain and the so called reality shock. Although the German teacher induction process is supposed to ensure a smooth transition to becoming a teacher it is often a subject to criticism. Thus, in 2009 a reform of teacher induction was initiated. Applying a quasi-experimental (contrasting the last cohort before and the first after reform) pre-post-post design the current study examines the development of emotional exhaustion at the beginning (Time 1) and end (Time 2) of induction time, and after having worked as fully licensed teacher for one year (Time 3) for beginning teachers in North Rhine-Westphalia (N = 1,749). Results of latent change models provided evidence for a second reality shock; following an initial decrease during induction time, emotional exhaustion increased after the first year of fully licensed teaching. Neither the reform nor school type revealed any influencing effects on this development. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Das subjektive Erleben des Übergangs in die weiterführende Schule. Die Bedeutung der Antizipation […]
Knoppick, Henrike; Becker, Michael; Neumann, Marko; Maaz, Kai; Baumert, Jürgen
Journal Article
| In: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie | 2016
36727 Endnote
Author(s):
Knoppick, Henrike; Becker, Michael; Neumann, Marko; Maaz, Kai; Baumert, Jürgen
Title:
Das subjektive Erleben des Übergangs in die weiterführende Schule. Die Bedeutung der Antizipation für die Bewältigung dieses kritischen Lebensereignisses
In:
Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 48 (2016) 3, S. 129-143
DOI:
10.1026/0049-8637/a000152
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-149920
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-149920
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Deutsch
Keywords:
Angst; Befragung; Berlin; Bewältigung; Bewertung; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Grundschule; Prognose; Psychosoziale Situation; Regressionsanalyse; Schüler; Schulform; Schuljahr 06; Schuljahr 07; Selbsteinschätzung; Selbstwertgefühl; Soziale Integration; Stress; Subjektivität; Übergang; Weiterführende Schule; Wohlbefinden; Zufriedenheit
Abstract:
Hinsichtlich der Bewältigung des Übergangs in die weiterführende Schule werden in der Literatur differenzielle Entwicklungsverläufe berichtet. Diesbezüglich wird diskutiert, welche Bedeutung die subjektive Antizipation dieses kritischen Lebensereignisses besitzt. Bezug nehmend auf die kognitiv-transaktionale Theorie von Lazarus und Folkman (1987) untersucht die vorliegende Studie die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Einschätzungen gegenüber dem potentiell stresshaften Ereignis (primary und secondary appraisals) und dem Wohlbefinden nach dem Übergang sowie der retrospektiven Bewertung der Übergangserfahrung. Untersucht wird eine Stichprobe von Berliner Schülerinnen und Schülern beim Übergang von der 6. zur 7. Klasse. Mithilfe latenter Regressionsanalysen kann ein Einfluss der Antizipationen unter Berücksichtigung von Kontrollvariablen bestätigt werden. Insbesondere Antizipationen bezüglich der veränderten Leistungsanforderungen an der weiterführenden Schule erweisen sich als prädiktiv für die Bewältigung des Übergangs. Dabei gehen positive Einschätzungen mit einem positiveren Wohlbefinden und einer positiveren Bewertung des Übergangs einher. Grundlagentheoretische und praktische Implikationen der Resultate werden diskutiert. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
Different coping patterns for children's transition to secondary school have been reported in the literature, and the influence of the subjective anticipation of this critical life event has been discussed. The current study uses cognitive-transactional theory (Lazarus & Folkman, 1987) and establishes a connection between primary and secondary appraisals and well-being after the transition as well as the evaluation of the transition itself while studying a sample of students during the transition from grade 6 (primary school) to grade 7 (secondary school) in the district of Berlin, Germany. Using latent regression analyses, a significant effect was found of the anticipation of the transition on coping after the transition. In particular, positive appraisals were associated with a higher well-being and a more positive evaluation of the transition. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
How being an optimist makes a difference. The protective role of optimism in adolescents' […]
Tetzner, Julia; Becker, Michael
Journal Article
| In: Social Psychological and Personality Science | 2015
35024 Endnote
Author(s):
Tetzner, Julia; Becker, Michael
Title:
How being an optimist makes a difference. The protective role of optimism in adolescents' adjustment to parental separation
In:
Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6 (2015) 3, S. 325-333
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-123438
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-123438
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Bewältigung; Deutschland; Ehescheidung; Einstellung <Psy>; Eltern; Emotionale Entwicklung; Empirische Untersuchung; Freude; Jugendlicher; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Messung; Schulerfolg; Schuljahr 07; Schuljahr 10; Selbstwertgefühl; Wirkung
Abstract:
This longitudinal study of N = 1,566 adolescents investigated the protective role of optimism in adjustment to parental separation, focusing on two salient challenges faced by adolescents, namely academic achievement and self-esteem. Based on latent change models, the results indicated associations between parental separation and short-term declines in academic achievement as well as short-term and longer term declines in self-esteem. Although optimism in general showed positive associations with academic achievement and self-esteem, its role as a protective factor proved to be particularly important for academic achievement in adjustment following parental separation. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
Effects of spontaneous adult behavior on distress levels of two- to eight-year-olds during voiding […]
Felber, Michaela; Schabmann, Alfred; Schmiedek, Florian; Friedrich, Max H.; Völkl-Kernstock, Sabine
Journal Article
| In: Children's Health Care | 2014
34980 Endnote
Author(s):
Felber, Michaela; Schabmann, Alfred; Schmiedek, Florian; Friedrich, Max H.; Völkl-Kernstock, Sabine
Title:
Effects of spontaneous adult behavior on distress levels of two- to eight-year-olds during voiding cystourethrograms
In:
Children's Health Care, 43 (2014) 4, S. 273-292
DOI:
10.1080/02739615.2013.865186
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Ärztliche Untersuchung; Bewältigung; Eltern; Empirische Untersuchung; Erwachsener; Humor; Kind; Österreich; Schmerz; Strategie; Verhalten; Wirkung
Abstract:
The Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is an invasive radiological procedure that may involve high distress in children. This study investigated the course of child distress and the relationship between child distress and spontaneous adult behavior such as distraction, humor, and commands to use coping strategies during VCUG. The sample comprised 80 two- to eight-year-olds undergoing outpatient VCUGs. Child and adult vocalizations were coded using a standardized rating scale. Data were analyzed by means of hierarchical linear models. Results showed that child distress varies significantly across the phases of the VCUG. Distraction and humor were associated with a decrease in child distress, while for commands to use coping strategies no association could be established with child distress.
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Natural occurrence of subjective aging experiences in community dwelling older adults
Miche, Martina; Wahl, Hans-Werner; Diehl, Manfred; Oswald, Frank; Kaspar, Roman; Kolb, Maren
Journal Article
| In: Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences | 2014
33182 Endnote
Author(s):
Miche, Martina; Wahl, Hans-Werner; Diehl, Manfred; Oswald, Frank; Kaspar, Roman; Kolb, Maren
Title:
Natural occurrence of subjective aging experiences in community dwelling older adults
In:
Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69 (2014) 2, S. 174-187
DOI:
10.1093/geronb/gbs164
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-193070
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/19307/pdf/J_geron_B_2016_2_Miche_et_al_Natural_Occurrence_of_Subjective_Aging_Experiences_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alter; Altern; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Frankfurt a.M.; Gesundheit; Interview; Lebensbewältigung; Senior; Subjektivität; Tagebuch; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden; Zufriedenheit
Abstract (english):
The subjective experience of aging is a relevant correlate of developmental outcomes. However, traditional approaches fall short of capturing the inherent multidimensionality of subjective aging experiences (SAEs). […] This study provides a description of SAEs that is facet rich, and based on their natural occurrence, analyzes interindividual differences and associations with well-being. Data came from 225 participants (70-88 years) of the ongoing BEWOHNT study. Open-ended diary entries about age-related experiences were collected for more than 14 days and coded according to AARC domains and subdomains. Seventy percent of all participants had SAEs about physical functioning. About half of the sample reported experiences in the domains interpersonal relations, social-emotional and social-cognitive functioning (COGN-EMOT), and lifestyle. Thirty percent experienced aging in terms of changes in cognitive functioning. Contents of SAEs varied by gender, age group, and functional status. SAEs about COGN-EMOT were most consistently related to affective components of subjective well-being. Our results demonstrate the benefits of an open-ended approach to a multidimensional understanding of SAEs. Content-related, social-cognitive and social-emotional changes more than functional age-related changes were most important for well-being.
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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