-
-
Autor*innen: Kühn, Simone; Schmiedek, Florian; Schott, Björn; Ratcliff, Roger; Heinze, Hans-Jochen; Düzel, Emrah; Lindenberger, Ulman; Lövdén, Martin
Titel: Brain areas consistently linked to individual
differences in perceptual decision-making in
younger as well as older adults before
and after training
In: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23 (2011) 9, S. 2147-2158
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Alter; Entscheidung; Erwachsener; Gehirn; Kognitive Prozesse; Leistung; Modell; Neurowissenschaften; Test; Training; Unterschied; Wahrnehmung
Abstract: Perceptual decision-making performance depends on several
cognitive and neural processes. Here, we fit Ratcliff s diffusion
model to accuracy data and reaction-time distributions from
one numerical and one verbal two-choice perceptual-decision
task to deconstruct these performance measures into the rate
of evidence accumulation (i.e., drift rate), response criterion setting
(i.e., boundary separation), and peripheral aspects of performance
(i.e., nondecision time). These theoretical processes
are then related to individual differences in brain activation by
means of multiple regression. The sample consisted of 24 younger
and 15 older adults performing the task in fMRI before and after
100 daily 1-hr behavioral training sessions in a multitude of
cognitive tasks. Results showed that individual differences in
boundary separation were related to striatal activity, whereas differences
in drift rate were related to activity in the inferior parietal
lobe. These associations were not significantly modified by
adult age or perceptual expertise. We conclude that the striatum
is involved in regulating response thresholds, whereas the inferior
parietal lobe might represent decision-making evidence
related to letters and numbers.
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung