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Controlling speed in component skills of reading improves the explanation of reading comprehension
Goldhammer, Frank; Kroehne, Ulf; Hahnel, Carolin; De Boeck, Paul
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Journal of Educational Psychology | 2021
41462 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Goldhammer, Frank; Kroehne, Ulf; Hahnel, Carolin; De Boeck, Paul
Titel:
Controlling speed in component skills of reading improves the explanation of reading comprehension
In:
Journal of Educational Psychology, 113 (2021) 5, S. 861-878
DOI:
10.1037/edu0000655
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-237977
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-237977
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Lesekompetenz; Fertigkeit; Kognitive Prozesse; Leistung; Antwort; Zeit; Wort; Semantik; Text; Leseverstehen; PISA <Programme for International Student Assessment>; Schüler; Messverfahren; Test; Experimentelle Untersuchung; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract:
Efficiency in reading component skills is crucial for reading comprehension, as efficient subprocesses do not extensively consume limited cognitive resources, making them available for comprehension processes. Cognitive efficiency is typically measured with speeded tests of relatively easy items. Observed responses and response times indicate the latent variables of ability and speed. Interpreting only ability or speed as efficiency may be misleading because there is a within-person dependency between both variables (speed-ability tradeoff [SAT]). Therefore, the present study measures efficiency as ability conditional on speed by controlling speed experimentally with item-level time limits. The proposed timed ability measures of reading component skills are expected to have a clearer interpretation in terms of efficiency and to be better predictors for reading comprehension. To support this claim, this study investigates two component skills, visual word recognition and sentence-level semantic integration (sentence reading), to understand how differences in ability in a timed condition are related to differences in ability and speed in a traditional untimed condition. Moreover, untimed and timed reading component skill measures were used to explain reading comprehension. A German subsample from Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 completed the reading component skills tasks with and without item-level time limits and PISA reading tasks. The results showed that timed ability is only moderately related to untimed ability. Furthermore, timed ability measures proved to be stronger predictors of sentence-level and text-level reading comprehension than the corresponding untimed ability and speed measures, although using untimed ability and speed jointly as predictors increased the amount of explained variance.
Abstract (english):
Efficiency in reading component skills is crucial for reading comprehension, as efficient subprocesses do not extensively consume limited cognitive resources, making them available for comprehension processes. Cognitive efficiency is typically measured with speeded tests of relatively easy items. Observed responses and response times indicate the latent variables of ability and speed. Interpreting only ability or speed as efficiency may be misleading because there is a within-person dependency between both variables (speed-ability tradeoff [SAT]). Therefore, the present study measures efficiency as ability conditional on speed by controlling speed experimentally with item-level time limits. The proposed timed ability measures of reading component skills are expected to have a clearer interpretation in terms of efficiency and to be better predictors for reading comprehension. To support this claim, this study investigates two component skills, visual word recognition and sentence-level semantic integration (sentence reading), to understand how differences in ability in a timed condition are related to differences in ability and speed in a traditional untimed condition. Moreover, untimed and timed reading component skill measures were used to explain reading comprehension. A German subsample from Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 completed the reading component skills tasks with and without item-level time limits and PISA reading tasks. The results showed that timed ability is only moderately related to untimed ability. Furthermore, timed ability measures proved to be stronger predictors of sentence-level and text-level reading comprehension than the corresponding untimed ability and speed measures, although using untimed ability and speed jointly as predictors increased the amount of explained variance.
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Automated and controlled processes in comprehending multiple documents
Hahnel, Carolin; Goldhammer, Frank; Kroehne, Ulf; Mahlow, Nina; Artelt, Cordula; Schoor, Cornelia
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Studies in Higher Education | 2021
41420 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Hahnel, Carolin; Goldhammer, Frank; Kroehne, Ulf; Mahlow, Nina; Artelt, Cordula; Schoor, Cornelia
Titel:
Automated and controlled processes in comprehending multiple documents
In:
Studies in Higher Education, 46 (2021) 10, S. 2074-2086
DOI:
10.1080/03075079.2021.1953333
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-243880
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-243880
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Student; Lesen; Dokument; Vielfalt; Informationsverarbeitung; Verhalten; Lesegeschwindigkeit; Kognitive Prozesse; Arbeitsgedächtnis; Leseverstehen; Kognitive Kompetenz; Test; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren; Datenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract:
The study investigates automated and controlled cognitive processes that occur when university students read multiple documents (MDs). We examined data of 401 students dealing with two MD sets in a digital environment. Performance was assessed through several comprehension questions. Recorded log data gave indications about students' time allocation, corroboration, and sourcing. Independent measures were used for reading speed to tap the effects of automatic processing and for working memory and single-text reading comprehension to tap effects of controlled processing, with working memory considered the mental capacity for performing controlled processing. We found that faster readers completed the MD tasks faster and showed more corroboration behavior. At the same time, students skilled in comprehension allocated more time to processing MD tasks and were more likely to show MD-specific behaviors of corroboration and sourcing. Students' success in MD tasks was predicted by reading speed and working memory, with the effect of working memory being mediated by single-text comprehension. Behavioral indicators contributed independently in predicting students' MD comprehension. Results suggest that reading MDs resembles a problem-solving situation where students need to engage in controlled, non-routine processing to build up a comprehensive representation of MDs and benefit from highly automated, lower-level reading processes. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Measuring hygiene competence. The picture-based situational judgement test HygiKo
Heininger, Susanne Katharina; Baumgartner, Maria; Zehner, Fabian; Burgkart, Rainer; Söllner, Nina; […]
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: BMC Medical Education | 2021
41439 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Heininger, Susanne Katharina; Baumgartner, Maria; Zehner, Fabian; Burgkart, Rainer; Söllner, Nina; Berberat, Pascal O.; Gartmeier, Martin
Titel:
Measuring hygiene competence. The picture-based situational judgement test HygiKo
In:
BMC Medical Education, 21 (2021) , S. 410
DOI:
10.1186/s12909-021-02829-y
URL:
https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-021-02829-y
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Hygiene; Kompetenz; Testverfahren; Gesundheitswesen; Medizin; Student; Arzt; Medizinisches Personal; Situation; Bewertung; Vignette; Item-Response-Theory; Rasch-Modell
Abstract:
Background: With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020, the crucial role of hygiene in healthcare settings has once again become very clear. For diagnostic and for didactic purposes, standardized and reliable tests suitable to assess the competencies involved in "working hygienically" are required. However, existing tests usually use self-report questionnaires, which are suboptimal for this purpose. In the present study, we introduce the newly developed, competence-oriented HygiKo test instrument focusing health-care professionals' hygiene competence and report empirical evidence regarding its psychometric properties. Methods: HygiKo is a Situational Judgement Test (SJT) to assess hygiene competence. The HygiKo-test consists of twenty pictures (items), each item presents only one unambiguous hygiene lapse. For each item, test respondents are asked (1) whether they recognize a problem in the picture with respect to hygiene guidelines and, (2) if yes, to describe the problem in a short verbal response. Our sample comprised n = 149 health care professionals (79.1 % female; age: M = 26.7 years, SD = 7.3 years) working as clinicians or nurses. The written responses were rated by two independent raters with high agreement (α > 0.80), indicating high reliability of the measurement. We used Item Response Theory (IRT) for further data analysis. Results: We report IRT analyses that show that the HygiKo-test is suitable to assess hygiene competence and that it allows to distinguish between persons demonstrating different levels of ability for seventeen of the twenty items), especially for the range of low to medium person abilities. Hence, the HygiKo-SJT is suitable to get a reliable and competence-oriented measure for hygiene-competence. Conclusions: In its present form, the HygiKo-test can be used to assess the hygiene competence of medical students, medical doctors, nurses and trainee nurses in cross-sectional measurements. In order to broaden the difficulty spectrum of the current test, additional test items with higher difficulty should be developed. The Situational Judgement Test designed to assess hygiene competence can be helpful in testing and teaching the ability of working hygienically. Further research for validity is needed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Evaluating QualiCO. An ontology to facilitate qualitative methods sharing to support open science
Hocker, Julian; Bipat, Taryn; McDonald, David W.; Zachry, Marc
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Journal of Internet Services and Applications | 2021
41442 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Hocker, Julian; Bipat, Taryn; McDonald, David W.; Zachry, Marc
Titel:
Evaluating QualiCO. An ontology to facilitate qualitative methods sharing to support open science
In:
Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 12 (2021) , S. 5
DOI:
10.1186/s13174-021-00135-w
URL:
https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13174-021-00135-w
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Ontologie; qualitative Forschung; Methode; Codierung; Open Science; Forschungsdaten; Metadaten; Datenaustausch; Student; Forscher; Benutzerfreundlichkeit; Evaluation; Leitfadeninterview; Inhaltsanalyse; USA
Abstract (english):
Qualitative science methods have largely been omitted from discussions of open science. Platforms focused on qualitative science that support open science data and method sharing are rare. Sharing and exchanging coding schemas has great potential for supporting traceability in qualitative research as well as for facilitating the reuse of coding schemas. In this study, we present and evaluate QualiCO, an ontology to describe qualitative coding schemas. Twenty qualitative researchers used QualiCO to complete two coding tasks. In our findings, we present task performance and interview data that focus participants' attention on the ontology. Participants used QualiCO to complete the coding tasks, decreasing time on task, while improving accuracy, signifying that QualiCO enabled the reuse of qualitative coding schemas. Our discussion elaborates some issues that participants had and highlights how conceptual and prior practice frames their interpretation of how QualiCO can be used. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Ready to teach? A profile analysis on cognitive and motivational-affective teacher characteristics […]
Holzberger, Doris; Maurer, Christina; Kunina-Habenicht, Olga; Kunter, Mareike
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Teaching and Teacher Education | 2021
40992 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Holzberger, Doris; Maurer, Christina; Kunina-Habenicht, Olga; Kunter, Mareike
Titel:
Ready to teach? A profile analysis on cognitive and motivational-affective teacher characteristics at the end of pre-service teacher education and long-term effects on teachers' occupational well-being
In:
Teaching and Teacher Education, 100 (2021) , S. 103285
DOI:
10.1016/j.tate.2021.103285
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0742051X21000093
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Lehramtsstudent; Eigenschaft; Vorbereitungsdienst; Kompetenz; Wissen; Einstellung <Psy>; Überzeugung; Wirkung; Lehrer; Arbeitszufriedenheit; Wohlbefinden; Deutschland
Abstract:
The present study explores how multiple teacher characteristics (i.e., knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy, and self-regulation) co-occur within 649 German teacher candidates at the end of pre-service teacher education and how these profiles are related to teachers' future occupational well-being. A latent profile analysis identified one highly knowledgeable and engaged profile, one profile with below average knowledge, and one profile with below average beliefs, motivation, and self-regulation. These profiles also differed in their emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. Thefindings emphasize how teacher candidates differ qualitatively in their pattern of "starting competence" what may have consequences with regard to specific interventions.
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
What matters when? Social and dimensional comparisons in the context of university major choice
Keyserlingk, Luise von; Dicke, Anna-Lena; Becker, Michael; Eccles, Jacquelynne J.
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: AERA Open | 2021
42044 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Keyserlingk, Luise von; Dicke, Anna-Lena; Becker, Michael; Eccles, Jacquelynne J.
Titel:
What matters when? Social and dimensional comparisons in the context of university major choice
In:
AERA Open, 7 (2021)
DOI:
10.1177/23328584211020711
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-251726
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-251726
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Schüler; Student; Studienfach; Fächerwahl; Leistung; Vergleich; Standard; Fähigkeit; Selbstkonzept; Mathematik; Deutsch; Sekundarbereich; Schuljahr 12; Universität; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Leistungstest; Messung; Befragung; Datenanalyse; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Mehrebenenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract:
Students compare their achievement to different standards in order to evaluate their ability. We built on the theoretical frameworks of situated expectancy-value theory, dimensional comparison theory, and the big-fish-little-pond effect literature to examine the role of social and dimensional comparisons for ability self-concept and subjective task value (STV) in secondary school and university major choice. We used two German longitudinal data sets from different cohorts with data collection in 12th grade and 2 years after high school graduation (Study 1: N = 2,207, Study 2: N = 1,710). Dimensional and social comparisons predicted students' self-concept and domain-specific STV in school: Individual achievement was positively related to ability self-concept and STV in the corresponding domain and negatively related in the noncorresponding domain. School-level mean achievement was negatively related to ability self-concept and STV in the corresponding domain. Dimensional comparisons were directly related to university major choice, social comparisons were only indirectly related. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
Deadlines don't prevent cramming. Course instruction and individual differences predict learning […]
Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik; Imhof, Margarete
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Learning and Individual Differences | 2021
41287 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik; Imhof, Margarete
Titel:
Deadlines don't prevent cramming. Course instruction and individual differences predict learning strategy use and exam performance
In:
Learning and Individual Differences, 87 (2021) , S. 101994
DOI:
10.1016/j.lindif.2021.101994
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1041608021000315?via%3Dihub
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Hochschulunterricht; Arbeitsanleitung; Student; Lernmethode; Individueller Unterschied; Studienleistung; Logdatei; Analyse; Quasi-Experiment; Deutschland
Abstract:
The goal of the present study was to investigate how course instruction and individual differences in general academic competences and conscientiousness relate to students' learning strategy use and exam performance. The sample comprised two cohorts of university students who attended a lecture on the same topic, but with varying course instruction: In the blended course (N = 238), the teacher applied deadlines for self-testing and offered regular in-class meetings to encourage distributed practice over the semester. In the online course, students studied independently without regular meetings, nor deadlines (N = 200). Learning strategies were measured objectively using behavioral log-file data. Students in the blended course used fewer self-tests than online students which was associated with poor exam performance. Academic competences (high school GPA) positively predicted exam performance via more distributed practice and self-testing. Conscientiousness was related to more distributed practice which was associated with better exam performance. Results revealed that (voluntary) in-class meeting and deadlines did not prevent cramming. Especially less conscientious students with lower general academic competences need further support in applying efficient learning strategies. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Inside self-regulated learning. Measuring and predicting intraindividual and interindividual […]
Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik; Nückles, Matthias
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie | 2021
41288 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik; Nückles, Matthias
Titel:
Inside self-regulated learning. Measuring and predicting intraindividual and interindividual variation in self-regulated learning over time
In:
Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 51 (2021) 4, S. 183-189
DOI:
10.1026/0049-8637/a000224
URL:
https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/0049-8637/a000224
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Bibliografien/Rezensionen u.ä. (z.B. Linktipps)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Lernen; Selbstregulation; Student; Lernstrategie; Lernprozess; Modell; Messung; Lerntagebuch; Empirische Forschung
Abstract:
The present introductory article is organized as follows: First, we describe strategies and assessment methods to set a common research framework. Second, we summarize the design and key findings of the studies in this special issue. Third, we discuss implications for SRL assessment, SRL models, and SRL interventions that open up avenues for further research. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Individual differences in perceptions of social presence. Exploring the role of personality in […]
Weidlich, Joshua; Kreijns, Karel; Bastiaens, Theo
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Open Education Studies | 2021
41371 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Weidlich, Joshua; Kreijns, Karel; Bastiaens, Theo
Titel:
Individual differences in perceptions of social presence. Exploring the role of personality in online distance learning
In:
Open Education Studies, 3 (2021) , S. 188-201
DOI:
10.1515/edu-2020-0153
URL:
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/edu-2020-0153/html
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Soziale Interaktion; Wahrnehmung; Fernunterricht; Online; Persönlichkeit; Typologie; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Literaturübersicht; Student; Studentin; Fernuniversität; Hagen; Befragung; Fragebogen; Likert-Skala; Deutschland
Abstract:
Social presence is a central concept relating to interpersonal aspects in online distance learning. However, the conditions and determinants of its emergence are not yet fully understood. As a construct rooted in social psychology, the potential of individual differences predicting perceptions of social presence has been largely neglected, thus, constituting a gap in our understanding. In a sample of 201 online distance education students, the merits of a trait-level view of social presence were investigated. To this end, personality was assessed using the Big Five personality inventory, exploring both a dimensional and a typological approach. Results suggest that specific personality typologies may be more prone to perceptions of social presence, thus calling for an extension of our theoretical modeling of the construct. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Informationszentrum Bildung
An exploratory latent class analysis of student expectations towards learning analytics services
Whitelock-Wainwright, Alexander; Tsai, Yi-Shan; Drachsler, Hendrik; Scheffel, Maren; Gašević, Dragan
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: The Internet and Higher Education | 2021
41381 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Whitelock-Wainwright, Alexander; Tsai, Yi-Shan; Drachsler, Hendrik; Scheffel, Maren; Gašević, Dragan
Titel:
An exploratory latent class analysis of student expectations towards learning analytics services
In:
The Internet and Higher Education, 51 (2021) , S. 100818
DOI:
10.1016/j.iheduc.2021.100818
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096751621000270?via%3Dihub
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Learning Analytics; Hochschulbildung; Student; Studentin; Erwartung; Service; Individueller Unterschied; Exploration; Befragung; Fragebogen; Latent-Class-Analyse; Niederlande
Abstract:
For service implementations to be widely adopted, it is necessary for the expectations of the key stakeholders to be considered. Failure to do so may lead to services reflecting ideological gaps, which will inadvertently create dissatisfaction among its users. Learning analytics research has begun to recognise the importance of understanding the student perspective towards the services that could be potentially offered; however, student engagement remains low. Furthermore, there has been no attempt to explore whether students can be segmented into different groups based on their expectations towards learning analytics services. In doing so, it allows for a greater understanding of what is and is not expected from learning analytics services within a sample of students. The current exploratory work addresses this limitation by using the three-step approach to latent class analysis to understand whether student expectations of learning analytics services can clearly be segmented, using self-report data obtained from a sample of students at an Open University in the Netherlands. The findings show that student expectations regarding ethical and privacy elements of a learning analytics service are consistent across all groups; however, those expectations of service features are quite variable. These results are discussed in relation to previous work on student stakeholder perspectives, policy development, and the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Informationszentrum Bildung
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