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Autor*innen: Domínguez-Espinosa, Alejandra del Carmen; He, Jia; Rosabal-Coto, Mariano; Harb, Camelia; Baena, Isabel Benitez; Acosta, Tania; Estrada, Catalina; Barrios, Carolina; Vijver, Fons J. R. van de; Matus, Pedro Wolfgang Velasco
Titel: An indigenous measure of social desirability across non-western countries
Aus: Karasawa, Minoru; Yuki, Masaki; Ishii, Keiko; Uchida, Yukiko; Sato, Kosuke; Friedlmeier, Wolfgang (Hrsg.): Venture into cross-cultural psychology: Proceedings from the 23rd Congress of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP), July 30th - August 3rd, 2016, Nagoya, Japan, Allendale; MI: Grand Valley State University, 2018 , S. #1
URL: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/iaccp_papers/154/
Dokumenttyp: 4. Beiträge in Sammelbänden; Tagungsband/Konferenzbeitrag/Proceedings
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Nicaragua; Persönlichkeit; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Soziales Verhalten; Altruismus; Liebe; Selbstdarstellung; Lüge; Charakter; Messverfahren; Psychometrie; Interkultureller Vergleich; Argentinien; Kolumbien; Mexiko; Spanien; China; Costa Rica; Libanon
Abstract: Cross-cultural differences in Social Desirability (SD) could be partly due to the nonequivalence of constructs, items, or other challenges of cross-cultural research. We tested to what extent a Mexican, indigenous scale of SD, capturing both positive and negative features of SD, would be useful in other countries. Data were collected in convenience samples in eight countries (Argentina, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Lebanon, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Spain) in order to test the psychometric accuracy and invariance of the factor structure. Values of Tucker's factor congruence coefficients (gauging invariance) and tests of the similarity of the cross-country similarity of Cronbach's alpha (gauging internal consistency) revealed that SD, as measured by this indigenous list, is stable and comparable across cultures. The results are interpreted in a conceptual framework in which SD is viewed as a culturally embedded communication style that people use to integrate successfully into their groups. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Marksteiner, Tamara; Ask, Karl; Dickhäuser, Oliver; Reinhard, Marc-André
Titel: Saving cognitive resources when possible. The role of judgment consequences and the judgment tendency of other teachers in teachers' assessment of students
In: Social Psychology of Education, 18 (2015) 4, S. 735-747
DOI: 10.1007/s11218-015-9291-0
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Deutschland; Einflussfaktor; Erklärung; Experimentelle Untersuchung; Interview; Kognitive Prozesse; Lehrer; Lehrerurteil; Leistungsbeurteilung; Lüge; Schüler; Strategie; Videoaufzeichnung; Wahrheit
Abstract: The present experimental study explores whether teachers are 'clever' thinkers when assessing students' credibility, i.e., saving cognitive resources when possible and making accurate judgments. Participants were asked to decide whether student statements about using unfair means during a test were true or deceptive. First, participants own judgment tendency (a true vs. lie tendency) was manipulated by informing them about the resource-consuming consequences of their judgment, i.e., giving additional explanations for each student statement they judged as being true (vs. a lie). Before actually judging the students' statements they were informed about the judgment tendency of other teachers about the upcoming student statements (true vs. lie tendency of other teachers). It was assumed that participants 'cleverly' choose a resource-saving judgment tendency and show a true (vs. lie) tendency when additional explanations for their lie (vs. true) judgments were required. Moreover, it was assumed that participants' accuracy rate would be higher if their own judgment tendency opposed the judgment tendency of other teachers. The results indicate that teachers are 'clever' thinkers. Practical implications are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Reinhard, Marc-André; Marksteiner, Tamara; Schindel, Roman; Dickhäuser, Oliver
Titel: Detecting lies and truths in social work. How suspicion level and familiarity affect detection accuracy
In: The British Journal of Social Work, 44 (2014) 2, S. 328-347
DOI: 10.1093/bjsw/bcs114
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Arbeitsloser; Berufserfahrung; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Interview; Lüge; Sozialarbeit; Sozialarbeiter; Subjektivität; Urteilsfähigkeit; Wahrheit
Abstract: The ability to distinguish between truthful and deceptive statements has been argued to be essential for social workers. The present study investigated the relationship between occupational experience, suspicion level, situational familiarity, judgemental truth or lie bias, and social workers' accuracy in detecting lie and truth. Each of the 125 social workers, whose role is to counsel the unemployed, rated fourteen video fragments of stimulus persons who either told the truth or lied about a job they had been working in. In line with previous research, occupational experience was not related to overall classification accuracy of true and deceptive messages. Further results indicate that suspicion level increases lie detection accuracy, whereas situational familiarity increases truth detection accuracy. Moreover, the effect of suspicion level on lie detection was mediated by lie bias. Practical implications are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Marksteiner, Tamara; Reinhard, Marc-André
Titel: Cheating
Aus: Levine, Timothy R. (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia of lysing and deception, Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2014 , S. 133-134
Dokumenttyp: 4. Beiträge in Sammelwerken; Lexika/Enzyklopädie o.ä.
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Lüge; Moral; Motiv <Psy>; Soziale Beziehung; Soziales Verhalten; Täuschen
Abstract (english): The Encyclopedia of Deception examines lying from multiple perspectives drawn from the disciplines of social psychology, sociology, history, business, political science, cultural anthropology, moral philosophy, theology, law, family studies, evolutionary biology, philosophy, and more. From the "little white lie," to lying on a resume, to the grandiose lies of presidents, this two-volume reference explores the phenomenon of lying in a multidisciplinary context to elucidate this common aspect of our daily lives. Not only a cultural phenomenon historically, lying is a frequent occurrence in our everyday lives. Research shows that we are likely to lie or intentionally deceive others several times a day or in one out of every four conversations that lasts more than 10 minutes. (DIPF/Verlag)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Marksteiner, Tamara; Reinhard, Marc-André; Lettau, Florian; Dickhäuser, Oliver
Titel: Bullying, cheating, deceiving. Teachers? Perception of deceitful situations at school
In: International Journal of Educational Psychology, 2 (2013) 2, S. 193-220
DOI: 10.4471/ijep.2013.24
URL: https://www.hipatiapress.com/hpjournals/index.php/ijep/article/view/540/pdf
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Aggression; Befragung; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Konfliktlösung; Lehrer; Lehrerurteil; Lüge; Mobbing; Schule; Schüler; Schulform; Schulversäumnis; Soziales Verhalten; Täuschen; Wahrnehmung
Abstract: Two studies investigated in which situations teachers (would) investigate whether a student was lying or telling the truth and how these situations were perceived. Results of Study 1 indicate that teachers (would) interview students when it comes to use of unfair means, aggressive behavior, theft, absence without permission, bullying, and vandalism, whereat deceitful situations with rather light consequences were most frequently described. Moreover, participants perceived the frequency of occurrence of all situations as lower for themselves compared to colleagues. In both studies, the use of unfair means, absence without permission, and bullying (over a longer period) were rated as most frequently occurring in everyday school life. Further, deception detection was perceived as being mostly important in situations with severe consequences. Study 2 also demonstrates that situations with light consequences are perceived as situations where it is of relatively less importance to make accurate judgments, avoid wrongful accusation, and detect misbehavior, as compared with situations with severe consequences. Overall, teachers perceive avoiding wrong accusation as more important than detecting misbehavior. Influences of teachers' perceptions on their behavior are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation