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Autor*innen: Noack, Hannes; Lövdén, Martin; Schmiedek, Florian
Titel: On the validity and generality of transfer effects in cognitive training research
In: Psychological Research, 78 (2014) 6, S. 773-789
DOI: 10.1007/s00426-014-0564-6
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-125189
URL: http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-125189
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Arbeitsgedächtnis; Evaluation; Forschungsstand; Kognition; Literaturbericht; Messung; Training; Transfer; Validität; Wirkung
Abstract: Evaluation of training effectiveness is a longstanding problem of cognitive intervention research. The interpretation of transfer effects needs to meet two criteria,
generality and specificity. We introduce each of the two, and suggest ways of implementing them. First, the scope of the construct of interest (e.g., working memory) defines the
expected generality of transfer effects. Given that the
constructs of interest are typically defined at the latent
level, data analysis should also be conducted at the latent
level. Second, transfer should be restricted to measures that
are theoretically related to the trained construct. Hence, the
construct of interest also determines the specificity of
expected training effects; to test for specificity, study
designs should aim at convergent and discriminant validity.
We evaluate the recent cognitive training literature in
relation to both criteria. We conclude that most studies do
not use latent factors for transfer assessment, and do not
test for convergent and discriminant validity. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung