-
-
Your search query has too many results, only about 500 are displayed. Please use the advanced search.
-
-
Author(s): Köhler, Carmen; Hartig, Johannes; Naumann, Alexander
Title: Detecting instruction effects. Deciding between covariance analytical and change-score approach
In: Educational Psychology Review, 33 (2021) 3, S. 1191-1211
DOI: 10.1007/s10648-020-09590-6
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252368
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252368
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Empirische Forschung; Unterricht; Wirkung; Unterrichtsforschung; Methode; Messverfahren; Lernerfolg; Variable; Prognose; Schüler; Unterstützung; Selbstwirksamkeit; Lehrer; Forschungsdesign; Datenanalyse; Modell
Abstract: The article focuses on estimating effects in nonrandomized studies with two outcome measurement occasions and one predictor variable. Given such a design, the analysis approach can be to include the measurement at the previous time point as a predictor in the regression model (ANCOVA), or to predict the change-score of the outcome variable (CHANGE). Researchers demonstrated that both approaches can result in different conclusions regarding the reported effect. Current recommendations on when to apply which approach are, in part, contradictory. In addition, they lack direct reference to the educational and instructional research contexts, since they do not consider latent variable models in which variables are measured without measurement error. This contribution assists researchers in making decisions regarding their analysis model. Using an underlying hypothetical data-generating model, we identify for which kind of data-generating scenario (i.e., under which assumptions) the defined true effect equals the estimated regression coefficients of the ANCOVA and the CHANGE approach. We give empirical examples from instructional research and discuss which approach is more appropriate, respectively. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
-
-
Author(s): Kühne, Stefan; Mank, Svenja; Schulz, Stefan; Maaz, Kai
Title: Sekundäranalysen mit Daten der amtlichen Statistik. Potenziale und Herausforderungen für das Bildungsmonitoring in Deutschland
In: Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 76 (2021) 6, S. 860-880
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Bildungsstatistik; Schulstatistik; Daten; Nutzung; Sekundäranalyse; Bildungsmonitoring; Bildungsforschung; Forschungsdaten; Datenanalyse; Datenerfassung; Methode; Datenbank; Bildungsbericht; Region; Dokumentation; Infrastruktur; Zugang; Deutschland
Abstract: Im Vergleich zu Primärdaten aus wissenschaftlichen Erhebungen sind amtliche Statistiken mit Blick auf die erfassten Inhalts- und Merkmalsbereiche in der Regel deutlich stärker eingeschränkt. Ihre Vorteile liegen aber darin, dass sie ein flächendeckendes und in langen Zeitreihen vorhandenes Datenmaterial für sekundäranalytische Forschungszwecke bereitstellen. Sie können nicht nur als Bezugspunkt für wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen dienen (z.B. Stichprobenziehung) sondern auch für eigenständige Fragestellungen und Analysen genutzt werden, für die keine alternativen Forschungsdaten verfügbar sind (z.B. für kleinere Populationen oder kleinräumige Disparitäten). Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt in groben Zügen das verfügbare Spektrum und die Zugangsmöglichkeiten zu amtlichen Bildungsstatistiken vor. Mehr und mehr Statistiken werden inzwischen auf Individualdatenbasis erhoben, können also nicht nur für Struktur- oder Zeitreihenanalysen, sondern auch für Mikrodatenanalysen verwendet werden. Anhand ausgewählter Forschungsergebnisse wird der Mehrwert der unterschiedlichen amtlichen Datentypen und -zugänge aus Sicht des Bildungsmonitorings in Deutschland veranschaulicht.
DIPF-Departments: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
-
-
Author(s): Mavrikis, Manolis; Cukurova, Mutlu; Di Mitri, Daniele; Schneider, Jan; Drachsler, Hendrik
Title: A short history, emerging challenges and co-operation structures for Artificial Intelligence in education
In: Bildung und Erziehung, (2021) 74:3, S. 249-263
DOI: 10.13109/buer.2021.74.3.249
URL: https://doi.org/10.13109/buer.2021.74.3.249
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Bibliografien/Rezensionen u.ä. (z.B. Linktipps)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz; Digitalisierung; Bildung; Ethik; Geschichte <Histor>; Kooperation; Lernprozess; Datenanalyse; Feedback; Automatisierung; Digitale Medien; Medieneinsatz; Data Mining; Lernforschung; Lehrer; Roboter; Implementierung; Vertrauen; Akzeptanz
Abstract: Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert für das Themenheft über Künstliche Intelligenz und Pädagogik eine kurze Geschichte der Forschung auf diesem Gebiet und fasst aktuelle Herausforderungen zusammen. Der Artikel fokussiert auf mögliche Paradigmenwechsel auf dem Forschungsgebiet und betont die Notwendigkeit der Betrachtung von Theorie und Praxis unter Beachtung ethischer Grundsätze. Abschließend wird auf internationale Kooperationsstrukturen in diesem Bereich hingewiesen, welche interdisziplinäre Perspektiven und methodische Vorgehen unterstützen können, die für die Forschung in diesem Bereich erforderlich sind. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): To accompany the special issue in Artificial Intelligence and Education, this article presents a short history of research in the field and summarises emerging challenges. We highlight key paradigm shifts that are becoming possible but also the need to pay attention to theory, implementation and pedagogy while adhering to ethical principles. We conclude by drawing attention to international co-operation structures in the field that can support the interdiscipniary perspectives and methods required to undertake research in the area. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Informationszentrum Bildung
-
-
Author(s): Möwisch, Dave; Brose, Annette; Schmiedek, Florian
Title: Do higher educated people feel better in everyday life? Insights from a day reconstruction method study
In: Social Indicators Research, 153 (2021) , S. 227-250
DOI: 10.1007/s11205-020-02472-y
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11205-020-02472-y
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Bildungsniveau; Wohlbefinden; Affektives Merkmal; Alltagserfahrung; Tagesablauf; Rekonstruktion; Datenanalyse; Sekundäranalyse; Sozioökonomisches Panel; Mehrebenenanalyse; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Deutschland
Abstract: Past research has shown a positive association between education and well-being. Much of this research has focused on the cognitive component of well-being (i.e., life satisfaction) as outcome. On the other hand, the affective component, that is, how often and intensively people experience positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) in their everyday lives, has received far less attention. Therefore, we examined the association between education and PA and NA in everyday life, with a particular focus on affective experiences at the sub-facet level (based on a structure of NA with multiple factors). We used data from a nationally representative sample (N = 1647) of the German Socioeconomic Panel Innovation Sample (SOEP-IS), employing the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) to capture affective experiences of everyday activities. Multilevel structural equation models revealed that (1) education was not related to PA, but (2) was positively associated with two sub-facets of NA (mourning/worries and loneliness/boredom); (3) income might in part explain the association between education and NA; (4) education does not particularly seem to serve as a resource in times of unemployment or retirement (i.e., there were no interactions between education and unemployment/retirement regarding well-being) In essence, higher educated people reported fewer negative emotions in everyday life than their lower educated counterparts, but not more positive emotions. The findings underline that different facets of NA, in addition to life satisfaction, are relevant variables related to education and should receive more attention in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of non-monetary correlates of education. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
-
-
Author(s): Nolden, Sophie; Brod, Garvin; Meyer, Ann-Kristin; Fandakova, Yana; Shing, Yee Lee
Title: Neural correlates of successful memory encoding in kindergarten and early elementary school children. Longitudinal trends and effects of schooling
In: Cerebral Cortex, 31 (2021) 8, S. 3764-3779
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab046
URL: https://academic.oup.com/cercor/article-abstract/31/8/3764/6248485
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Kind; Gedächtnis; Kognitive Prozesse; Entwicklung; Leistung; Kindergarten; Schulanfang; Wirkung; Gehirn; Neurowissenschaften; Test; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Datenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Berlin; Deutschland
Abstract (english): From age 5 to 7, there are remarkable improvements in children's cognitive abilities ("5-7 shift"). In many countries, including Germany, formal schooling begins in this age range. It is, thus, unclear to what extent exposure to formal schooling contributes to the "5-7 shift." In this longitudinal study, we investigated if schooling acts as a catalyst of maturation. We tested 5-year-old children who were born close to the official cutoff date for school entry and who were still attending a play-oriented kindergarten. One year later, the children were tested again. Some of the children had experienced their first year of schooling whereas the others had remained in kindergarten. Using 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks that assessed episodic memory formation (i.e., subsequent memory effect), we found that children relied strongly on the medial temporal lobe (MTL) at both time points but not on the prefrontal cortex (PFC). In contrast, older children and adults typically show subsequent memory effects in both MTL and PFC. Both children groups improved in their memory performance, but there were no longitudinal changes nor group differences in neural activation. We conclude that successful memory formation in this age group relies more heavily on the MTL than in older age groups. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
-
-
Author(s): Richter, Eric; Kunter, Mareike; Marx, Alexandra; Richter, Dirk
Title: Who participates in content-focused teacher professional development? Evidence from a large scale study
In: Frontiers in Education, 6 (2021) , S. 722169
DOI: 10.3389/feduc.2021.722169
URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2021.722169/full
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Lehrer; Lehrerin; Mathematikunterricht; Fachwissen; Unterricht; Qualität; Professionalität; Berufliche Fortbildung; Lehrerfortbildung; Teilnahme; Motivation; Datenanalyse; Sekundäranalyse; Deutschland
Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between teacher quality and teachers' engagement in professional development (PD) activities using data on 229 German secondary school mathematics teachers. We assessed different aspects of teacher quality (e.g. professional knowledge, instructional quality) using a variety of measures, including standardised tests of teachers' content knowledge, to determine what characteristics are associated with high participation in PD. The results show that teachers with higher scores for teacher quality variables take part in more content-focused PD than teachers with lower scores for these variables. This suggests that teacher learning may be subject to a Matthew effect, whereby more proficient teachers benefit more from PD than less proficient teachers. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
-
-
Author(s): Ritter, Marcel; Schiffner, Daniel; Harders, Matthias
Title: Visual analysis of point cloud neighborhoods via multi-scale geometric measures
In: Computer Graphics Forum, 5 (2021) 3, S. 1-14
DOI: 10.1016/j.visinf.2021.05.001
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468502X21000206?via%3Dihub
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Geometrie; Algorithmus; Visualisieren; Daten; Datenverarbeitung; FRAMEWORK; System; Software; Softwareentwicklung; Tool
Abstract (english): Point-based geometry representations have become widely used in numerous contexts, ranging from particle-based simulations, over stereo image matching, to depth sensing via light detection and ranging. Our application focus is on the reconstruction of curved line structures in noisy 3D point cloud data. Respective algorithms operating on such point clouds often rely on the notion of a local neighborhood. Regarding the latter, our approach employs multi-scale neighborhoods, for which weighted covariance measures of local points are determined. Curved line structures are reconstructed via vector field tracing, using a bidirectional piecewise streamline integration. We also introduce an automatic selection of optimal starting points via multi-scale geometric measures. The pipeline development and choice of parameters was driven by an extensive, automated initial analysis process on over a million prototype test cases. The behavior of our approach is controlled by several parameters - the majority being set automatically, leaving only three to be controlled by a user. In an extensive, automated final evaluation, we cover over one hundred thousand parameter sets, including 3D test geometries with varying curvature, sharp corners, intersections, data holes, and systematically applied varying types of noise. Further, we analyzed different choices for the point of reference in the co-variance computation; using a weighted mean performed best in most cases. In addition, we compared our method to current, publicly available line reconstruction frameworks. Up to thirty times faster execution times were achieved in some cases, at comparable error measures. Finally, we also demonstrate an exemplary application on four real-world 3D light detection and ranging datasets, extracting power line cables.
DIPF-Departments: Informationszentrum Bildung
-
-
Author(s): Schmidt, Andrea; Dirk, Judith; Schmiedek, Florian
Title: The power of everyday peer relatedness in predicting subjective well-being after school transition
In: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 52 (2021) 3/4, S. 64-74
DOI: 10.1026/0049-8637/a000220
URL: https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/0049-8637/a000220
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Gymnasium; Weiterführende Schule; Übergang; Schüler; Wohlbefinden; Peergroup; Soziale Beziehung; Gemeinschaft; Ausgrenzung; Affekt; Emotion; Anpassung; Verhaltensauffälligkeit; Schulangst; Zufriedenheit; Frustration; Forschungsprojekt; Schuljahr 05; Messung; Smartphone; Lehrer; Fragebogen; Datenanalyse; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Mehrebenenanalyse; Hessen; Deutschland
Abstract: Der Übergang an die weiterführende Schule stellt ein kritisches Lebensereignis für viele Kinder dar. Diese Studie untersuchte 108 Kinder (M=10.11 Jahre, SD=0.44) in Deutschland innerhalb der ersten 12 Wochen nach dem Übergang ans Gymnasium. Tägliche Erfüllung und Frustration des Bedürfnisses nach sozialer Zugehörigkeit in die Klassengemeinschaft dienten als Prädiktoren der Verläufe kindlichen Wohlbefindens sowie psychologischer Anpassung/Psychopathologie. Subjektives Wohlbefinden wurde in den Wochen 3 - 4 sowie in Woche 11 des Schuljahres erhoben. Dazwischen berichteten Kinder über 4 Wochen hinweg täglich ihre wahrgenommene soziale Eingebundenheit und Ausgrenzung in der Schule. Lehrkräfte berichteten die psychologische Anpassung/Psychopathologie jedes Kindes in den Wochen 11 - 12. Tägliche soziale Eingebundenheit ging mit einem Anstieg des positiven Affekts von Woche 3/4 zu Woche 11 einher, während tägliche soziale Ausgrenzung Anstiege des negativen Affekts und der Schulangst vorhersagte. Höhere soziale Eingebundenheit hing mit geringeren Lehrkraft-berichteten emotionalen Symptomen und Problemen mit Gleichaltrigen zusammen, während höhere soziale Ausgrenzung stärkere Verhaltensprobleme und Hyperaktivität-Unaufmerksamkeit vorhersagte. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): The transition from primary to secondary school represents a challenging life event. This study examined 108 children (age M = 10.11 years, SD = 0.44) in Germany during the first 12 weeks at a new school. Daily satisfaction and frustration of the basic need for relatedness were examined as predictors of subjective well-being versus ill-being and adjustment versus psychopathology. Subjective well-being or ill-being was assessed at weeks 3 - 4 and week 11 of the school year. In between, there was a 4-week period of daily assessments of perceived relatedness satisfaction and frustration. Teachers indicated each child's psychological adjustment or psychopathology (e. g., emotional symptoms) in weeks 11 - 12. Daily relatedness satisfaction was associated with increases in positive affect from weeks 3 - 4 to week 11, while daily relatedness frustration was linked to an increase in negative affect and school anxiety. Furthermore, daily relatedness satisfaction was negatively linked to teacher-reported emotional symptoms and peer problems at weeks 11 - 12, and daily relatedness frustration was positively associated with teacher-reported conduct problems and hyperactivity-inattention. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
-
-
Author(s): Schmidt, Claudia; Brandenburg, Janin; Busch, Jenny; Büttner, Gerhard; Grube, Dietmar; Mähler, Claudia; Hasselhorn, Marcus
Title: Developmental trajectories of phonological information processing in upper elementary students with reading or spelling disabilities
In: Reading Research Quarterly, 56 (2021) 1, S. 143-171
DOI: 10.1002/rrq.299
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-227500
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-227500
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Grundschüler; Schüler; Phonologie; Informationsverarbeitung; Lernschwierigkeit; Lesefertigkeit; Rechtschreibung; Entwicklung; Gedächtnis; Kognitive Prozesse; Schuljahr 03; Schuljahr 04; Schuljahr 05; Test; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren; Datenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract: Deficits in phonological information processing in upper elementary students with specific learning disabilities in reading or spelling may increase, decrease, or remain stable over time. The authors examined the development of phonological processing longitudinally in 209 students (109 with learning disabilities and 100 typically achieving; n = 127 boys) in Germany, from grade 3 to grade 5 (ages 8-11; mean age at recruitment = 8 years 6.78 months, SD = 5.39 months). Latent change score models revealed that the development of rapid automatized naming was best described as a decreasing deficit, whereas a persistent deficit in phonological awareness was observed. Differences between students with and without learning disabilities regarding the phonological loop increased over time. Further, there were no developmental differences as a function of reading versus spelling deficits. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung