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International perspectives on school settings, education policy and digital strategies. A […]
Wilmers, Annika; Jornitz, Sieglinde (Hrsg.)
Compilation Book
| Opladen: Budrich | 2021
41008 Endnote
Editor(s)
Wilmers, Annika; Jornitz, Sieglinde
Title:
International perspectives on school settings, education policy and digital strategies. A transatlantic discourse in education research
Published:
Opladen: Budrich, 2021
DOI:
10.3224/84742299
URL:
https://shop.budrich-academic.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/9783847416609.pdf
Publication Type:
2. Herausgeberschaft; Sammelband (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Digitalisierung; Ökonomisierung; Fachbegriff; Übersetzung; Deutschland; USA; Ägypten; Schule; Schulleitung; Schulentwicklung; Internationaler Vergleich; Migration; Flucht; Flüchtling; Öffentliche Erziehung; Hochschule; Akkulturation; Einstellung <Psy>; Schulleistungsmessung; Leistungsbeurteilung; Schüler; Bildungspolitik; Daten; Bildung
Abstract:
Der Sammelband stellt den Stand der transatlantischen Diskussionen im Feld der Bildungsforschung dar, wie er seit 2015 auf der AERA-Konferenz durch die am DIPF beheimatete Servicestelle international cooperation in education angeregt wurde. Die Themengebiete umfassen Schulentwicklung und large scale assessment-Politiken, Migration und öffentliche Bildung sowie Digitalsierungsstartegien und Ökonomisierungstendenzen in Bildungssystemen weltweit und das Problem der Übersetzung im internationalen Diskurs.
Abstract (english):
In the field of education, transatlantic discourse has been shaped by an exchange of ideas for a long time. Over the past two decades, education science has increasingly become internationally networked. Since 2015, the Office for International Cooperation in Education at DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education has organized international sessions on education research at the Annual Meetings of the American Educational Research Association, thus providing a floor for transatlantic exchange on current research topics. The volume gives an overview of the transatlantic activities in education research with regard to these sessions. It represents a collection of topics ranging from school development to the use of large-scale assessment and digital data in education to questions related to migration and public education, or the economization of education. Moreover, the volume offers a reflection on the gains respectively obstacles linked to international exchange.
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Facilitation of information literacy through a multilingual MOOC considering cultural aspects
Dreisiebner, Stefan; Polzer, Anna Katharina; Robinson, Lyn; Libbrecht, Paul; […]
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Documentation | 2021
40969 Endnote
Author(s):
Dreisiebner, Stefan; Polzer, Anna Katharina; Robinson, Lyn; Libbrecht, Paul; Boté-Vericad, Juan-José; Urbano, Cristóbal; Mandl, Thomas; Vilar, Polona; Žumer, Maja; Pehar, Franjo; Stričević, Ivanka
Title:
Facilitation of information literacy through a multilingual MOOC considering cultural aspects
In:
Journal of Documentation, 77 (2021) 3, S. 777-797
DOI:
10.1108/JD-06-2020-0099
URL:
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JD-06-2020-0099/full/html
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Deutschland; Großbritannien; Kroatien; Spanien; Katalonien; Slovenien; Österreich; Informationskompetenz; MOOC <Massive Open Online Course>; Mehrsprachigkeit; Übersetzung; Interkulturelle Differenz; Student; Wissenserwerb; Einstellung <Psy>; Hochschullehrer; Bewertung; Evaluation; Deutsch; Englisch; Katalanisch; Kroatisch; Slovenisch; Spanisch
Abstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the rationale, technical framework, content creation workflow and evaluation for a multilingual massive open online course (MOOC) to facilitate information literacy (IL) considering cultural aspects. Design/methodology/approach: A good practice analysis built the basis for the technical and content framework. The evaluation approach consisted of three phases: first, the students were asked to fill out a short self-assessment questionnaire and a shortened adapted version of a standardized IL test. Second, they completed the full version of the IL MOOC. Third, they were asked to fill out the full version of a standardized IL test and a user experience questionnaire. Findings: The results show that first the designed workflow was suitable in practice and led to the implementation of a full-grown MOOC. Second, the implementation itself provides implications for future projects developing multilingual educational resources. Third, the evaluation results show that participants achieved significantly higher results in a standardized IL test after attending the MOOC as mandatory coursework. Variations between the different student groups in the participating countries were observed. Fourth, self-motivation to complete the MOOC showed to be a challenge for students asked to attend the MOOC as nonmandatory out-of-classroom task. It seems that multilingual facilitation alone is not sufficient to increase active MOOC participation. Originality/value: This paper presents an innovative approach of developing multilingual IL teaching resources and is one of the first works to evaluate the impact of an IL MOOC on learners' experience and learning outcomes in an international evaluation study. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Atteggiamenti dei docenti nei confronti dell'inclusione scolastica
Vergani, Francesca; Kielblock, Stephan
Journal Article
| In: L'integrazione scolastica e sociale | 2021
41079 Endnote
Author(s):
Vergani, Francesca; Kielblock, Stephan
Title:
Atteggiamenti dei docenti nei confronti dell'inclusione scolastica
In:
L'integrazione scolastica e sociale, 20 (2021) 1, S. 124-156
DOI:
10.14605/ISS2012106
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-237445
URL:
https://rivistedigitali.erickson.it/integrazione-scolastica-sociale/archivio/vol-20-n-1/atteggiamenti-dei-docenti-nei-confronti-dellinclusione-scolastica/
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Sonstiges
Keywords:
Inklusion; Lehrer; Einstellung <Psy>; Selbstwirksamkeit; Fragebogen; Übersetzung; Italienisch; Anpassung; Validität
Abstract:
Nel campo dell'inclusione scolastica grande interesse è attualmente rivolto alla misurazione degli atteggiamenti dei docenti verso l'inclusione. L'approfondimento della letteratura ha evidenziato, però, scarsa coerenza fra gli strumenti esistenti e un paradigma inclusivo non centrato esclusivamente sugli studenti con disabilità. Individuato in Kielblock, 2018 uno strumento coerente in tal senso, lo scopo di questo studio è la traduzione e validazione in italiano di tale questionario. Il processo ha previsto una double-blind back-translation; un adattamento culturale in collaborazione con ricercatori e docenti; una validazione statistica su un campione di 272 docenti. Il risultato è un questionario di 26 item complessivi, con solide proprietà univariate, buona coerenza fattoriale e adeguata affidabilità (α = 0,811 per la scala sugli atteggiamenti; α = 0,785 per la scala sull'autoefficacia). (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
In the field of inclusive education, there is currently great interest in measuring the attitudes of teachers towards inclusion. An in-depth study of literature has shown, however, a lack of coherence between the existing tools, and an inclusive paradigm which is not focused exclusively on students with disabilities. Having identified (Kielblock, 2018) a coherent instrument, the purpose of this study is the Italian translation and validation of this questionnaire. The process involved double-blind back-translation; cultural adaptation in collaboration with researchers and teachers; and statistical validation on a sample of 272 teachers. The result is a questionnaire of 26 items, with solid univariate properties, good factorial consistency and appropriate reliability (α = 0.811 for the attitude scale, α = 0.785 for the self-efficacy scale). (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
The challenges of test translation
Upsing, Britta; Hayatli, Musab
Book Chapter
| Aus: Wilmers, Annika; Jornitz, Sieglinde (Hrsg.): International perspectives on school settings, educational policy and digital strategies: A transatlantic discourse in education research | Opladen: Budrich | 2021
41012 Endnote
Author(s):
Upsing, Britta; Hayatli, Musab
Title:
The challenges of test translation
In:
Wilmers, Annika; Jornitz, Sieglinde (Hrsg.): International perspectives on school settings, educational policy and digital strategies: A transatlantic discourse in education research, Opladen: Budrich, 2021 , S. 373-388
URL:
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1gbrzf4.27
Publication Type:
4. Beiträge in Sammelbänden; Sammelband (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Test; Testvalidität; Übersetzung; Übersetzungswissenschaft; Professionalisierung; Missverständnis; Studie; Schwierigkeit; Sprachbarriere; Sprachgefühl; Strategie; Beispiel; Qualitätskontrolle
Abstract:
Test translation can easily go wrong. Just to give a few examples: In one PISA study the term 'space suit' was rendered as 'special suit' in the Spanish version and the item had to be dropped; in another higher-education study, the translated rubric talks about a 'goal scorer' instead of 'scorer', and in a school test 'early agrarian society' was rendered 'a society with agrarian industry'. These errors were detected before the tests were actually conducted as a result of translation quality control checks.³ These examples show how important it is to have professionals do the translations, using rigorous methodologies. While these examples may lead some to believe that it would be easier to simply write the tests in the language of the respondents with no translation involved, this is not an option for international tests or surveys, particularly in many countries that have more than one national language. [...] The goal of this article is to illustrate the challenges of test translation and to describe some of the measures that have been implemented to deal with these challenges. We will first explain what international large-scale assessment studies (iLSA) are: We will give a brief outline of their history; describe their contents, goals and their political impact. Next, we will use an actual test item from the PIAAC study as an example to illustrate which questions and difficulties come up when test items are translated. We will then describe the strategies that have been developed to deal with these translation challenges. Here we will mostly draw on strategies for the PISA- and PIAAC-tests. In the final section, we will discuss the remaining challenges, with a focus on the role of language in diverse societies. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Assessing the validity of a learning analytics expectation instrument. A multinational study
Whitelock-Wainwright, Alexander; Gašević, Dragan; Tsai, Yi-Shan; Drachsler, Hendrik; […]
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning | 2020
39876 Endnote
Author(s):
Whitelock-Wainwright, Alexander; Gašević, Dragan; Tsai, Yi-Shan; Drachsler, Hendrik; Scheffel, Maren; Muñoz-Merino, Pedro J.; Tammets, Kairit; Delgado Kloos, Carlos
Title:
Assessing the validity of a learning analytics expectation instrument. A multinational study
In:
Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 36 (2020) 2, S. 209-240
DOI:
10.1111/jcal.12401
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jcal.12401?af=R
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Lernprozess; Analyse; Implementierung; Universität; Student; Erwartung; Ethik; Validität; Fragebogen; Erhebungsinstrument; Übersetzung; Lernen; Selbstregulation; Datenanalyse; Faktorenanalyse; Estland; Spanien; Niederlande
Abstract:
To assist higher education institutions in meeting the challenge of limited student engagement in the implementation of Learning Analytics services, the Questionnaire for Student Expectations of Learning Analytics (SELAQ) was developed. This instrument contains 12 items, which are explained by a purported two‐factor structure of "Ethical and Privacy Expectations" and "Service Feature Expectations." As it stands, however, the SELAQ has only been validated with students from UK university, which is problematic on account of the interest in Learning Analytics extending beyond this context. Thus, the aim of the current work was to assess whether the translated SELAQ can be validated in three contexts (an Estonian, a Spanish, and a Dutch University). The findings show that the model provided acceptable fits in both the Spanish and Dutch samples, but was not supported in the Estonian student sample. In addition, an assessment of local fit is undertaken for each sample, which provides important points that need to be considered in future work. Finally, a general comparison of expectations across contexts is undertaken, which are discussed in relation to the General Data Protection Regulation (2018). (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
When the dictionary is not enough. Translational challenges of conceptual German terms in […]
Berdelmann, Kathrin
Journal Article
| In: Jahrbuch für Historische Bildungsforschung | 2019
39813 Endnote
Author(s):
Berdelmann, Kathrin
Title:
When the dictionary is not enough. Translational challenges of conceptual German terms in historical research
In:
Jahrbuch für Historische Bildungsforschung, 25 (2019) , S. 160-168
DOI:
10.25656/01:21460
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-214607
URL:
https://www.pedocs.de/volltexte/2021/21460/pdf/Jahrbuch_fuer_Historische_Bildungsforschung_Band_25.pdf#page=162
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Übersetzung; Herausforderung; Deutsch; Englisch; Terminologie; Geschichte <Histor>; Bedeutungswandel; Praxeologie; 18. Jahrhundert; Beispiel
Abstract:
Die Möglichkeiten der Übersetzung von bildungshistorische Terminologie aus praxisnahen Quellen vom Deutschen ins Englische werden im Text eruiert und problematisiert. Wie in Sprache konzeptuelle Begriffe in einer bestimmten lokalen, kulturellen und situativen historischen Praxis genutzt wurden ist nicht ohne Weiteres kongruent mit der theoretischen und systematischen Formulierung eines Konzeptes in Fachliteratur, das häufig Grundlage für die Übersetzung ist. Im Text wird dies am Beispiel der Begriffe der Vervollkomnung und Bildsamkeit und an Quellen aus dem 18. Jahrhundert gezeigt: Gerade in praxisnahen - oft handschriftlichen - Quellen wird Sprache und die Bedeutung von konzeptuellen Begriffen im praktischen Kontext erzeugt. Begriffe wie Bildsamkeit und Vervollkomnung werden für die konkrete Praxis operationalisiert und dabei verschiebt sich ihre Bedeutung. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
The possibilities of translating educational historical terminology from practical sources from German into English are investigated and problematized in the text. How conceptual terms were used in language in a certain local, cultural and situational historical practice is not necessarily congruent with the theoretical and systematic formulation of a concept in specialist literature, which is often the basis for translation. In the text this is shown by the example of the concepts of Vervollkomnung and Bildsamkeit and by sources from the 18th century: especially in close to practice - often handwritten - sources, languages and the meaning of conceptual terms are generated in their practical context. There, terms like Bildsamkeit and Vervollkomnung are operationalized for concrete practice and their meaning shifts in the process. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bibliothek für Bildungsgeschichtliche Forschung
The translator's perspective on translation quality control processes for international large-scale […]
Upsing, Britta; Rittberger, Marc
Journal Article
| In: Translation & Interpreting | 2018
38511 Endnote
Author(s):
Upsing, Britta; Rittberger, Marc
Title:
The translator's perspective on translation quality control processes for international large-scale assessment studies
In:
Translation & Interpreting, 10 (2018) 2, S. 55-72
DOI:
10.12807/ti.110202.2018.a05
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-168048
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2019/16804/pdf/Upsing_2018_Translators_perspective_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Evaluation; Fragebogen; Interview; Kontrolle; Leistungstest; Methode; PIAAC <Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies>; PISA <Programme for International Student Assessment>; Qualität; Qualitative Forschung; Übersetzung; Verfahren
Abstract (english):
International Large-Scale Assessment studies (iLSAs) like PISA (the Programme for International Student Assessment) and PIAAC (the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies) employ stringent quality control procedures for the translation of their test items. The translations are crucial: a test item should not become more or less difficult because of its translation, given that test results are used to assess and compare the competency levels of different populations across countries. This article discusses how PISA and PIAAC translation procedures have evolved from earlier translation quality processes, and the underlying assumptions about translation that have shaped this evolution. We then report on findings from a qualitative interview study with translators, reviewers, and translation managers who have been involved in PISA or PIAAC translation processes. The objective of the interview study is to analyse the quality control procedures from the perspective of translation players. How do translators prepare for and perform translations for iLSA studies, and how does this process compare with other translation assignments they receive? This comparison will give an understanding of whether translators, in general, believe the iLSA translation process and its quality control procedures provide adequate guidance for performing these translations. We finish by proposing recommendations for future iLSA translation processes. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Questionnaire development and design for international large-scale asessments (ILSAs) Current […]
Jude, Nina; Kuger, Susanne
Working Papers
| 2018
38276 Endnote
Author(s):
Jude, Nina; Kuger, Susanne
Title:
Questionnaire development and design for international large-scale asessments (ILSAs) Current practice, challenges, and recommendations
Published:
Washington; DC: National Academy of Education, 2018
URL:
http://naeducation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/2018-Questionnaire-Design-for-ILSA_v02-1.pdf
Publication Type:
5. Arbeits- und Diskussionspapiere; Stellungnahme/Positionspapier
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Konzeption; Fragebogen; Bildungsforschung; Empirische Forschung; Indikator; Schülerleistung; Motivation; Messverfahren; Erhebungsinstrument; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren; Anpassung; Übersetzung; Sozioökonomische Lage; Heterogenität; Inklusion; Antwort; Fehlende Daten; Validität; Daten; Dokumentation; Vergleichsuntersuchung; Internationaler Vergleich
Abstract:
This paper summarizes the latest practices and research topics in questionnaire use for international large-scale assessments (ILSAs). We point to the most important aspects in questionnaire design and development for international studies and highlight current challenges for the cross-cultural measurement of context factors in education. Finally, we open the discussion for research and policy issues that might lead to recommendations concerning an improved usage of context questionnaires in future studies. While we provide insight into a range of different studies, many of our examples will focus on the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), one of the best known ILSAs and our area of expertise. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Lokalisierung in internationalen Bildungsvergleichsstudien aus informationswissenschaftlicher […]
Upsing, Britta
Monograph
| Hildesheim: Universität | 2017
38132 Endnote
Author(s):
Upsing, Britta
Title:
Lokalisierung in internationalen Bildungsvergleichsstudien aus informationswissenschaftlicher Sicht. Herausforderungen, Übersetzungen, Prozesse
Published:
Hildesheim: Universität, 2017
URN:
urn:nbn:de:gbv:hil2-opus4-7304
URL:
https://hildok.bsz-bw.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/730
Publication Type:
1. Monographien (Autorenschaft); Monographie
Language:
Deutsch
Keywords:
Anpassung; Befragung; Bildung; Empirische Untersuchung; Informationsbedarf; Informationssystem; Informationswissenschaft; Internationaler Vergleich; Leitfadeninterview; Mehrsprachigkeit; PIAAC <Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies>; Qualitative Forschung; Sprache; Strategie; Studien; Test; Testaufgabe; Theorie; Übersetzer; Übersetzung
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Untersuchung thematisiert das Beziehungsgeflecht von Informationsangebot, Informationsbedürfnis und Informationsbedarf in einem Informationsprozess. Für die Untersuchung dieser Zusammenhänge wurde auf das Konzept der Information Ecology zurückgegriffen, in der die Akteure, die Arbeitsanforderungen und die Informationsumgebung verortet sind. Das Fallbeispiel besteht aus dem Lokalisierungsprozess der internationalen Bildungsvergleichsstudie PIAAC (Programme for the International Assessement of Adult Competencies) der OECD. Bei diesen Studien werden durch Testung Erkenntnisse zum Kompetenzniveau einer Population gesammelt. Dafür unabdinglich ist die Lokalisierung, also die Übersetzung und Anpassung der Testaufgaben, mit denen die Vergleichbarkeit der Testergebnisse zwischen Ländern angestrebt wird. Die vorliegende Untersuchung thematisiert, welchen Informationsbedarf die PIAAC-Akteure bei der Lokalisierung haben und in welchem Zusammenhang die Informationsumgebung mit ihrem Informationsangebot zu diesem Bedarf steht. Dafür wurde in einem ersten Schritt herausgearbeitet, welche Theorien und Strategien seitens der Fachgemeinschaft der Übersetzer in den Lokalisierungsprozess eingebracht werden. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde die von Psychologen geprägte historische Entwicklung der Lokalisierungsprozesse für Bildungsvergleichsstudien herausgearbeitet. Es zeigte sich, dass sich aktuelle translatorische Erkenntnisse nicht in den Qualitätskontrollprozessen von internationalen Bildungsvergleichsstudien wiederfinden. Auf der Grundlage dieser Erkenntnisse wurden im empirischen Teil der vorliegenden Arbeit die Informationsprozesse von PIAAC anhand der PIAAC-Dokumente, der bei PIAAC eingesetzten Informationssysteme und anhand von leitfadengestützten qualitativen Interviews mit 20 Lokalisierungsakteuren ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass es bei der Lokalisierung von Test-Aufgaben informationelle Defizite gibt (etwa weil Erkenntnisse dazu fehlen, wie Test-Aufgaben vergleichbarer Schwierigkeit in verschiedenen Sprachen erstellt werden können). Es zeigte sich, dass Vorgaben zur Umsetzung des Lokalisierungsprozesses umgangen wurden, wenn sich diese als nicht praktikabel herausstellten. Das Informationsangebot zur Lokalisierung spielte für einige Übersetzer eine größere Rolle als die eigenen Erfahrungen und Übersetzungsstrategien, wohl aufgrund der eigenen Unerfahrenheit mit dem Übersetzungssauftrag. Diese Erkenntnisse mündeten in einer Liste von Empfehlungen für zukünftige Bildungsvergleichsstudien. Die gewonnen Erkenntnisse liefern ein facettenreiches Bild eines komplexen Informationsprozesses. Die verschiedenen Wechselwirkungen wurden durch die Verortung der Fragestellung in eine konkrete Information Ecology deutlich, aber könnten in zukünftige Überlegungen zum Informationsbedarf eines Benutzers einfließen, etwa indem die Informationsquelle, der Status und die Rolle des Informationsbenutzers stärker berücksichtigt werden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
{Abstract_englisch}
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
What makes word-level neural machine translation hard. A case study on English-German translation
Hirschmann, Fabian; Nam, Jinseok; Fürnkranz, Johannes
Book Chapter
| Aus: The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING) | Osaka: The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee | 2016
36983 Endnote
Author(s):
Hirschmann, Fabian; Nam, Jinseok; Fürnkranz, Johannes
Title:
What makes word-level neural machine translation hard. A case study on English-German translation
In:
The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING), Osaka: The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee, 2016 , S. 3199-3208
URL:
http://aclweb.org/anthology/C/C16/C16-1301.pdf
Publication Type:
4. Beiträge in Sammelbänden; Tagungsband/Konferenzbeitrag/Proceedings
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Automatisierung; Computerlinguistik; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren; Deutsch; Englisch; Syntax; Übersetzung; Wort; Wörterbuch
Abstract (english):
Traditional machine translation systems often require heavy feature engineering and the combination of multiple techniques for solving different subproblems. In recent years, several end-to-end learning architectures based on recurrent neural networks have been proposed. Unlike traditional systems, Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems learn the parameters of the model and require only minimal preprocessing. Memory and time constraints allow to take only a fixed number of words into account, which leads to the out-of-vocabulary (OOV) problem. In this work, we analyze why the OOV problem arises and why it is considered a serious problem in German. We study the effectiveness of compound word splitters for alleviating the OOV problem, resulting in a 2.5+ BLEU points improvement over a baseline on the WMT'14 German-to-English translation task. For English-to-German translation, we use target-side compound splitting through a special syntax during training that allows the model to merge compound words and gain 0.2 BLEU points. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Informationszentrum Bildung
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