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Age differences in proactive coping with minor hassles in daily life
Neubauer, Andreas B.; Smyth, Joshua M.; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Journal Article
| In: Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences | 2019
38446 Endnote
Author(s):
Neubauer, Andreas B.; Smyth, Joshua M.; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Title:
Age differences in proactive coping with minor hassles in daily life
In:
Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 74 (2019) 1, S. 7-16
DOI:
10.1093/geronb/gby061
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-168832
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/16883/pdf/JGPS_2019_1_Neubauer_Smyth_Sliwinski_Age_differences_in_proactive_coping_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alltag; Alter Mensch; Altersgruppe; Bewältigung; Coping; Empirische Untersuchung; Junger Erwachsener; Messverfahren; Schwierigkeit; Vergleich; Wirkung
Abstract (english):
Objectives: Age differences in the exposure to minor hassles in daily life have been postulated by socioemotional selectivity theory and reported by previous research, with older adults reporting fewer stressors. The present study examined two potential mechanisms explaining this reduction in reported stressor exposure with advancing age: age-related changes in proactive coping and in the threshold of labeling an event as stressor. Method: Participants (N = 178; 20-79 years; M = 49.5; SD = 17; 51% female) were investigated in a measurement burst study consisting of three measurement bursts (each comprised of five daily assessments for 7 consecutive days), separated by 9 months each. Results: Older age was unrelated to reporting an event or the thresholds for labeling the event as a stressor, but was positively related to self-reported use of proactive coping and negatively related to reported event severity. Discussion: Results are consistent with the view that older adults engage in more proactive coping to deal with minor hassles in their daily lives to manage these problems before they become more stressful. Older adults did not report fewer potentially stressful events but they reported these events as less unpleasant. The adaptive value of proactive coping, in particular for older adults, is discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Back to the future. Examining age differences in processes before stressor exposure
Neupert, Shevaun D.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Scott, Stacey B.; Hyun, Jinshil; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Journal Article
| In: Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences | 2019
38480 Endnote
Author(s):
Neupert, Shevaun D.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Scott, Stacey B.; Hyun, Jinshil; Sliwinski, Martin J.
Title:
Back to the future. Examining age differences in processes before stressor exposure
In:
Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 74 (2019) 1, S. 1-6
DOI:
10.1093/geronb/gby074
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-189687
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/18968/pdf/JGPS_2019_1_Neupert_et_al_Back_to_the_future_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alltag; Alter Mensch; Altersgruppe; Bewältigung; Coping; Emotion; Erwartung; Junger Erwachsener; Kognition; Prognose; Resilienz; Strategie; Stress; Vergleich; Wirkung
Abstract:
Although it is generally accepted that stress is associated with poorer health and cognitive functioning, previous work has focused on what happens after stressors occur [...]. In this special section, we present a novel conceptual framework and initial empirical work that integrates the temporal space of anticipation before stressors occur. Understanding processes that may prevent exposure to or reduce the effects of stressors can have tremendous benefits for longevity and successful aging. In this overview, we describe our conceptual framework and relevant aging theories that form the foundation for our predictions across studies. We also briefly introduce the data sets and study designs and propose preliminary implications. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Grain size effects in rime judgment across literacy development in German
Schmitterer, Alexandra; Schroeder, Sascha
Journal Article
| In: Applied Psycholinguistics | 2019
38907 Endnote
Author(s):
Schmitterer, Alexandra; Schroeder, Sascha
Title:
Grain size effects in rime judgment across literacy development in German
In:
Applied Psycholinguistics, 40 (2019) 3, S. 673-691
DOI:
10.1017/S0142716418000784
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-193843
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/19384/pdf/Appl_psycholing_2019_3_Schmitterer_Schroeder_Grain_size_effects_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Reim; Phonologie; Ähnlichkeit; Effekt; Lautunterscheidung; Vorschulkind; Erwachsener
Abstract (english):
Phonological similarity effects are biases to judge words as phonologically similar (i.e., rhyming), even if they are not. First found in rime awareness tasks in preliterates, these biases have recently also been found in proficient adult readers. In this study, we evaluated underlying phonological processing in rime judgment longitudinally, across literacy development. To this end, we created a new rime judgment task (rime; i.e., /t∙aɪ̯∙l/ - /z∙aɪ̯∙l/) with two distractor conditions, that varied in size of phonological overlap (body; i.e., /t∙aɪ̯∙l/ - /t∙aɪ̯ ç/; nucleus; i.e., /t∙aɪ̯∙l/ - /r∙aɪ̯∙s/). The task was administered to a group of 61 German speaking children at four time-points across school entry and to 21 adults. Accuracy and latency responses were recorded. Results showed that children and adults showed phonological similarity effects but the effect decreased gradually over time. However, preliterate children were more sensitive to large compared to small phonological overlap, while the same effect was significantly smaller in literate children and adults. Results suggests that preliterate children are more sensitive to larger grain sizes and become more sensitive to fine-grained units across literacy development. The findings are in line with the assumptions of the psycholinguistic grain size theory. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Bildung in Deutschland 2018. Ein indikatorengestützter Bericht mit einer Analyse zu Wirkungen und […]
Autorengruppe Bildungsberichterstattung; Baethge, Martin; Füssel, Hans-Peter; Maaz, Kai; […]
Monograph
| Bielefeld: wbv Media | 2018
38451 Endnote
Author(s):
Autorengruppe Bildungsberichterstattung; Baethge, Martin; Füssel, Hans-Peter; Maaz, Kai; Brugger, Pia; Rauschenbach, Thomas; Rockmann, Ulrike; Seeber, Susan; Wolter, Andrä; Kühne, Stefan; Pfeiffer, Friedhelm; Spieß, Katharina; Zambre, Vaishali; Baisch, Benjamin; Baethge-Kinsky, Volker; Geiser, Patrick; Kerst, Christian; Leerhoff, Holger; Lehmann, Thomas; Meiner-Teuber, Christiane; Michaelis, Christian; Mudiappa, Michael; Ordemann, Jessica; Schulz, Stefan M; Weigelt, Nora; Wiek, Markus
Title:
Bildung in Deutschland 2018. Ein indikatorengestützter Bericht mit einer Analyse zu Wirkungen und Erträgen von Bildung
Published:
Bielefeld: wbv Media, 2018
DOI:
10.3278/6001820fw
URL:
https://www.bildungsbericht.de/de/bildungsberichte-seit-2006/bildungsbericht-2018/pdf-bildungsbericht-2018/bildungsbericht-2018.pdf
Publication Type:
1. Monographien (Autorenschaft); Monographie
Language:
Deutsch
Keywords:
Außerschulisches Lernen; Lernort; Schulabschluss; Berufsausbildung; Kompetenz; Hochschulbildung; Hochschulzugang; Hochschulabschluss; Weiterbildung; Weiterbildner; Lehrer; Hochschullehrer; Kind; Jugendlicher; Erwachsener; Erwachsenenbildung; Bildungsertrag; Steuerung; Bildungssystem; Bevölkerungsentwicklung; Erwerbstätigkeit; Familie; Bildungseinrichtung; Personal; Bildungsausgaben; Bildungsbeteiligung; Bildungsangebot; Frühkindliche Bildung; Übergang; Grundschule; Allgemein bildende Schule; Schulbesuch; Ganztagsschule; Inklusion; Wirkung; Bildungspolitik; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Bildungsbericht; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract:
In dieser Dauerbeobachtung des deutschen Bildungssystems führen die Autorinnen und Autoren die Analyse bekannter Indikatoren mit neuen Akzenten fort. Schwerpunktthema der 7. Ausgabe der Studie sind Bildungswirkungen und -erträge. Alle zwei Jahre liefert der Bericht eine Bestandsaufnahme des deutschen Bildungswesens, betrachtet die Bildungsvoraussetzungen, Bildungswege und Bildungsergebnisse von Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen und verknüpft diese mit Daten der Bildungsinstitutionen sowie weiteren Kontextinformationen (z. B. der Region). (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
Gedächtnistraining
Neidhardt, Eva; Hasselhorn, Marcus
Book Chapter
| Aus: Rost, Detlef H.; Sparfeldt, Jörn R.; Buch, Susanne R. (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch Pädagogische Psychologie | Weinheim: Beltz | 2018
38218 Endnote
Author(s):
Neidhardt, Eva; Hasselhorn, Marcus
Title:
Gedächtnistraining
In:
Rost, Detlef H.; Sparfeldt, Jörn R.; Buch, Susanne R. (Hrsg.): Handwörterbuch Pädagogische Psychologie, Weinheim: Beltz, 2018 , S. 200-209
Publication Type:
4. Beiträge in Sammelwerken; Sammelband (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Deutsch
Keywords:
Gedächtnis; Gedächtnishilfe; Begriff; Definition; Training; Ziel; Arbeitsgedächtnis; Langzeitgedächtnis; Wirkung; Kind; Lernstrategie; Effektivität; Erwachsener; Lernschwierigkeit; Konzentration; Informationsverarbeitung; Intervention
Abstract:
Gedächtnistrainings sollten zunächst einmal nachweislich wirksam sein. Wissenschaftlich fundierte Gedächtnistrainings sollten sich möglichst auf empirisch bewährte Gedächtnistheorien beziehen, mit denen sich mögliche Wirkungen der gewählten Interventionen erklären lassen. Bei der Bewertung der Wirksamkeit in entsprechenden Trainingsstudien kommt es darauf an, dass nachgewiesene Effekte nicht schon durch wiederholtes Testen, das Fehlen einer geeigneten Kontrollgruppe oder durch andere Mängel in der Anlage der Untersuchung erklärbar sind. Trainingsziele ergeben sich in Abhängigkeit von der Zielgruppe und ihrem Hilfebedarf. Was aber wird trainiert, wenn das Gedächtnis trainiert wird? [...] Die meisten Gedächtnistrainings zielen darauf ab, Prozesse der Informationsverarbeitung im Arbeitsgedächtnis oder die Konsolidierungs- bzw. Abrufprozesse im Langzeitgedächtnis zu optimieren. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Number series study (DIPF): Technical report
Engelhardt, Lena; Goldhammer, Frank
Working Papers
| 2018
38165 Endnote
Author(s):
Engelhardt, Lena; Goldhammer, Frank
Title:
Number series study (DIPF): Technical report
Published:
Köln: GESIS - Leibniz-Instiut für Sozialwissenschaften, 2018
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0168- ssoar-55737-7
URL:
https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/handle/document/55737/ssoar-2018-engelhardt_et_al-Number_Series_Study_DIPF_Technical.pdf?sequence=1
Publication Type:
5. Arbeits- und Diskussionspapiere; Arbeits- und Diskussionspapier (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Bericht; Bildungsforschung; Erwachsener; Kompetenz; Messung; Methode; PIAAC <Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies>; Test
Abstract:
The Number Series Study addresses the fundamental research question of what is measured by competence tests used in the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC; Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies): More specifically, to what extent do the PIAAC Literacy and Numeracy measures capture the outcome of learning processes, and to what extent do they measure general cognitive abilities? […] This technical report describes the implementation of the Number Series Study for the third wave of PIAAC-L and focuses only on information specific to the Number Series Study. Detailed information on the PIAAC-L study can be found in the PIAAC-L Technical Reports of the three waves (Martin, Zabal, & Rammstedt, 2018; Zabal, Martin, & Rammstedt, 2016, 2017). After giving a brief overview of the goals of the Number Series Study in this chapter, [the authors] describe the subsample of PIAAC-L used for the Number Series Study in Chapter 2. Information on the survey instruments can be found in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 provides information about the fieldwork. Information concerning data management and products is given in Chapter 5 and a short conclusion is drawn in Chapter 6. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Paper-based assessment of the effects of aging on response time in processing speed. A diffusion […]
Dirk, Judith; Kratzsch, Gesa Katharina; Prindle, John P.; Kröhne, Ulf; Goldhammer, Frank; […]
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Intelligence | 2017
37296 Endnote
Author(s):
Dirk, Judith; Kratzsch, Gesa Katharina; Prindle, John P.; Kröhne, Ulf; Goldhammer, Frank; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
Paper-based assessment of the effects of aging on response time in processing speed. A diffusion model analysis
In:
Journal of Intelligence, 5 (2017) 2, S. 1-16
DOI:
10.3390/jintelligence5020012
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-191786
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/19178/pdf/jintelligence_2017_2_Dirk_et_al_Paper-based_assessment_of_the_effects_of_aging_on_response_time_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alter Mensch; Altern; Antwort; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Junger Erwachsener; Kognitionspsychologie; Leistung; Messung; Modell; Vergleichsuntersuchung; Zeit
Abstract:
The effects of aging on response time were examined in a paper-based lexical-decision experiment with younger (age 18-36) and older (age 64-75) adults, applying Ratcliff's diffusion model. Using digital pens allowed the paper-based assessment of response times for single items. Age differences previously reported by Ratcliff and colleagues in computer-based experiments were partly replicated: older adults responded more conservatively than younger adults and showed a slowing of their nondecision components of RT by 53 ms. The rates of evidence accumulation (drift rate) showed no age-related differences. Participants with a higher score in a vocabulary test also had higher drift rates. The experiment demonstrates the possibility to use formal processing models with paper-based tests. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung; Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Conditioning factors of test-taking engagement in PIAAC. An exploratory IRT modelling approach […]
Goldhammer, Frank; Martens, Thomas; Lüdtke, Oliver
Journal Article
| In: Large-scale Assessments in Education | 2017
37971 Endnote
Author(s):
Goldhammer, Frank; Martens, Thomas; Lüdtke, Oliver
Title:
Conditioning factors of test-taking engagement in PIAAC. An exploratory IRT modelling approach considering person and item characteristics
In:
Large-scale Assessments in Education, 5 (2017) , S. 18
DOI:
10.1186/s40536-017-0051-9
URL:
https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40536-017-0051-9
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Antwort; Einflussfaktor; Erwachsener; Item-Response-Theory; Kanada; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Leistungstest; Lesekompetenz; Mathematische Kompetenz; Messung; Motivation; PIAAC (Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies); Problemlösen; Selbstkonzept; Technologiebasiertes Testen; Verhalten
Abstract:
Background: A potential problem of low-stakes large-scale assessments such as the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is low test-taking engagement. The present study pursued two goals in order to better understand conditioning factors of test-taking disengagement: First, a model-based approach was used to investigate whether item indicators of disengagement constitute a continuous latent person variable by domain. Second, the effects of person and item characteristics were jointly tested using explanatory item response models. Methods: Analyses were based on the Canadian sample of Round 1 of the PIAAC, with N = 26,683 participants completing test items in the domains of literacy, numeracy, and problem solving. Binary item disengagement indicators were created by means of item response time thresholds. Results: The results showed that disengagement indicators define a latent dimension by domain. Disengagement increased with lower educational attainment, lower cognitive skills, and when the test language was not the participant's native language. Gender did not exert any effect on disengagement, while age had a positive effect for problem solving only. An item's location in the second of two assessment modules was positively related to disengagement, as was item difficulty. The latter effect was negatively moderated by cognitive skill, suggesting that poor test-takers are especially likely to disengage with more difficult items. Conclusions: The negative effect of cognitive skill, the positive effect of item difficulty, and their negative interaction effect support the assumption that disengagement is the outcome of individual expectations about success (informed disengagement). (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Age differences in coupling of intraindividual variability in mnemonic strategies and […]
Hertzog, Christopher; Lövdén, Martin; Lindenberger, Ulman; Schmiedek, Florian
Journal Article
| In: Psychology and Aging | 2017
38050 Endnote
Author(s):
Hertzog, Christopher; Lövdén, Martin; Lindenberger, Ulman; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
Age differences in coupling of intraindividual variability in mnemonic strategies and practice-related associative recall improvements
In:
Psychology and Aging, 32 (2017) 6, S. 557-571
DOI:
10.1037/pag0000177
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Gedächtnis; Arbeitsgedächtnis; Junger Erwachsener; Alter Mensch; Gedächtnishilfe; Strategie; Assoziation; Kognitive Prozesse; Leistungsfähigkeit; Wirkung; Effektivität; Leistungssteigerung; Test; Empirische Untersuchung; Vergleich
Abstract:
The importance of encoding strategies for associative recall is well established, but there have been no studies of aging and intraindividual variability (IAV) in strategy use during extended practice. We observed strategy use and cued-recall test performance over 101 days of practice in 101 younger adults (M = 25.6 years) and 103 older adults (M = 71.3 years) sandwiched by a pretest and posttest battery including an associative recall test. Each practice session included 2 lists of 12 number-noun paired-associate (PA) items (e.g., 23-DOGS), presented for brief exposures titrated to maintain below-ceiling performance throughout practice. Participants reported strategy use (e.g., rote repetition, imagery) after each test. Substantial IAV in strategy use was detected that was coupled with performance; lists studied with normatively effective strategies (e.g., imagery) generated higher PA recall than lists studied with less effective strategies (e.g., rote repetition). In comparison to younger adults, older adults' practice (a) relied more on repetition and less on effective strategies, (b) showed lower levels of IAV in effective strategy use, and (c) had lower within-person strategy-recall coupling, especially late in practice. Individual differences in pretest-posttest gains in PA recall were predicted by average level of effective strategy use in young adults but by strategy-recall coupling in older adults. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that experiencing variability in strategic outcomes during practice helps hone the effectiveness of strategic encoding behavior, and that older adults' reduced degree of pretest-posttest gains is influenced by lower likelihood of using and optimizing effective strategies through practice. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Processing of positive-causal and negative-causal coherence relations in primary school children […]
Knoepke, Julia; Richter, Tobias; Isberner, May-Britt; Naumann, Johannes; Neeb, Yvonne; […]
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Child Language | 2017
36656 Endnote
Author(s):
Knoepke, Julia; Richter, Tobias; Isberner, May-Britt; Naumann, Johannes; Neeb, Yvonne; Weinert, Sabine
Title:
Processing of positive-causal and negative-causal coherence relations in primary school children and adults. A test of the cumulative cognitive complexity approach in German
In:
Journal of Child Language, 44 (2017) 2, S. 297-328
DOI:
10.1017/S0305000915000872
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-191627
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/19162/pdf/J.Child_Lang_2017_2_Knoepke_et_al_Processing_of_positivecausal_and_negativecausal_coherence_relations_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Deutsch; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Erwachsener; Grundschule; Grundschüler; Hören; Kognition; Kognitive Prozesse; Lesen; Leseverstehen; Semantik; Technologiebasiertes Testen; Test; Textanalyse; Textinterpretation; Textverständnis
Abstract:
Establishing local coherence relations is central to text comprehension. Positive-causal coherence relations link a cause and its consequence, whereas negative-causal coherence relations add a contrastive meaning (negation) to the causal link. According to the cumulative cognitive complexity approach, negative-causal coherence relations are cognitively more complex than positive-causal ones. Therefore, they require greater cognitive effort during text comprehension and are acquired later in language development. The present cross-sectional study tested these predictions for German primary school children from Grades 1 to 4 and adults in reading and listening comprehension. Accuracy data in a semantic verification task support the predictions of the cumulative cognitive complexity approach. Negative-causal coherence relations are cognitively more demanding than positive-causal ones. Moreover, our findings indicate that children's comprehension of negative-causal coherence relations continues to develop throughout the course of primary school. Findings are discussed with respect to the generalizability of the cumulative cognitive complexity approach to German. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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