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(Schlagwörter: "Ingenieurwissenschaft")

Do social comparisons matter for university major choices? A longitudinal study from a gender […] Keyserlingk, Luise von; Becker, Michael; Jansen, Malte Journal Article | In: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology | 2020 39993 Endnote: Author(s): Keyserlingk, Luise von; Becker, Michael; Jansen, Malte
Title: Do social comparisons matter for university major choices? A longitudinal study from a gender perspective
In: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 12 (2020) 1, S. 46-64
URL: http://genderandset.open.ac.uk/index.php/genderandset/article/download/676/1117
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Studium; Hauptfach; Studienwahl; Naturwissenschaften; Technik; Ingenieurwissenschaft; Mathematik; Geschlecht; Prädiktor; Schüler; Schülerin; Sozialer Vergleich; Selbstkonzept; Interesse; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Datenanalyse; Sekundäranalyse; Deutschland
Abstract: In Germany, male students are largely overrepresented in STEM majors at university. Gender differences in important predictors of major choices, namely self-concept and interest in math or science have been discussed to explain the gender gap in STEM. For both, self-concept and interest, social comparisons with peers are important (big-fish-little-pond effect - BFLPE). Recent findings have further shown indirect long-term BFLPEs in high school on STEM major choice at university through students' self-concept and interest. We built on these findings and investigated if differential BFLPEs on females' and males' self-concepts and interests in high school could help understand gendered enrollment processes in math intensive university majors. We used a subsample (N = 2182) of a German longitudinal study and used data from two measurement points (T1: 12th grade; T2: two years after high school graduation). Results showed gender differences in math self-concept, math achievement, and enrollment in math intensive university majors. The BFLPE on self-concept, interest and university major choice did not differ between female and male students. These findings point to gender differences in the means of relevant predictors of university major choice, but to gender similarity in the underlying processes of self-concept formation and university major choice. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens

Leaving the pond - choosing an ocean. Effects of student composition on STEM major choices at […] Keyserlingk, Luise von; Becker, Michael; Jansen, Malte; Maaz, Kai Journal Article | In: Journal of Educational Psychology | 2020 39369 Endnote: Author(s): Keyserlingk, Luise von; Becker, Michael; Jansen, Malte; Maaz, Kai
Title: Leaving the pond - choosing an ocean. Effects of student composition on STEM major choices at university
In: Journal of Educational Psychology, 112 (2020) 4, S. 751-764
DOI: 10.1037/edu0000378
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Schüler; Mathematik; Selbstkonzept; Interesse; Schülerleistung; Zusammensetzung; Wirkung; Schuljahr 12; Universität; Studienwahl; Studienfach; Naturwissenschaften; Ingenieurwissenschaft; Fragebogen; Leistungstest; Datenanalyse; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract: Self-concept in mathematics (MSC) and interest in mathematics are important predictors of whether a student will choose to major in a science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) field at university. Research on the big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE) has shown that both predictors are affected by the achievement composition of students in schools. That is, given the same individual ability, students in higher achieving schools exhibit lower MSC and interest in mathematics than students in lower achieving schools due to social comparison processes. The BFLPE has been replicated in high school settings many times, but less is known about the long-term effects of this context effect. In the present study, we investigated the long-term effects of the BFLPE on the aspiration to major in and the actual decision to major in a STEM field at university. We used data from a German longitudinal study. The results showed no direct BFLPE on the aspiration to enroll in a STEM major at the end of high school or on actual enrollment in a STEM major 2 years after graduating from high school. However, small negative indirect effects of the BFLPE via MSC and interest in mathematics on the aspiration to and enrollment in a STEM major occurred. In sum, the longitudinal BFLPE on STEM major choice was small. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens