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Author(s): Blanke, Elisabeth S.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Houben, Marlies; Erbas, Yasemine; Brose, Annette
Title: Why do my thoughts feel so bad? Getting at the reciprocal effects of rumination and negative affect using dynamic structural equation modeling
In: Emotion, 22 (2022) 8, S. 1773-1786
DOI: 10.1037/emo0000946
URL: https://doi.apa.org/record/2021-21139-001
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Belgien; Datenanalyse; Datenerfassung; Dauer; Denken; Depression; Deutschland; Einstellung <Psy>; Emotion; Emotionaler Zustand; Fragebogenerhebung; Kognitive Prozesse; Messung; Messverfahren; Psychische Vorgänge; Stimmung; Stress; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Student; Tagesablauf; Wirkung
Abstract: Rumination means to perseveratively think about one's negative feelings and problems. It is a response to affective distress that is often referred to as maladaptive emotion regulation. According to the response styles theory and control theory, rumination may further prolong and exacerbate affective distress. This means that rumination can be viewed as both an antecedent and an outcome of negative affect (NA), and vice versa. However, at the level of short-term dynamics, state rumination and NA have previously mainly been examined as two separate outcomes. To model the reciprocal within-person effects and hence, to match theoretical assumptions, we combined the two interrelated time series in one model using dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM). Both effects (NA on subsequent rumination and rumination on subsequent NA) were modeled simultaneously while acknowledging the autoregressive nature of both states (inert properties). We used data from two experience sampling studies (NStudy 1 = 200 Belgian university students; NStudy 2 = 70 German university students). Participants were paged on smartphones several times a day (Study 1: 10; Study 2: 6) for several days (Study 1: 7; Study 2: 9-12). In both studies, we found evidence for reciprocal effects of NA and rumination, and both processes showed autoregressive relationships. Aside from central findings, higher levels of rumination were also associated with higher rumination inertia, pointing toward more habitual rumination also being associated with prolonged rumination. Together, using DSEM, we found reciprocal associations between rumination and NA, while providing new insights into the dynamics between the two processes. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Brose, Annette; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Schmiedek, Florian
Title: Integrating state dynamics and trait change. A tutorial using the example of stress reactivity and change in well-being
In: European Journal of Personality, 36 (2022) 2, S. 180-199
DOI: 10.1177/08902070211014055
URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08902070211014055
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Mehrebenenanalyse; Stress; Reaktion; Wirkung; Wohlbefinden; Emotionaler Zustand; Veränderung; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Messverfahren; Methode; Modellierung; Simulation; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Regressionsanalyse
Abstract: Recent theoretical accounts on the causes of trait change emphasize the potential relevance of states. In the same vein, reactions to daily stress have been shown to prospectively predict change in well-being, speaking for the proposition that state dynamics can be a precursor to long-term change in more stable individual-differences characteristics. A common analysis approach towards linking state dynamics such as stress reactivity and change in some more stable individual differences characteristic has been a two-step approach, modeling state dynamics and trait change separately. In this paper, we elaborate on one-step procedures to simultaneously model state dynamics and trait change, realized in the multilevel structural equation modeling framework. We highlight three distinct advantages over the two-step approach which pre-exists in the methodological literature, and we disseminate these advantages to a larger audience. We target a readership of substantive researchers interested in the relationships between state dynamics and traits or trait change, and we provide them with a tutorial style paper on state-of-the-art methods on these topics. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Brose, Annette; Blanke, Elisabeth S.; Schmiedek, Florian; Kramer, Andrea C.; Schmidt, Andrea; Neubauer, Andreas B.
Title: Change in mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. The role of appraisals and daily life experiences
In: Journal of Personality, 89 (2021) 3, S. 468-482
DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12592
URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jopy.12592
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Affekt; Emotionaler Zustand; Bewertung; Pandemie; Stress; Wohlbefinden; Achtsamkeit; Psychohygiene; Alltag; Erfahrung; Empirische Untersuchung; Tagebuch; Pretest; Deutschland
Abstract: Intro: When confronted with major threats, people often experience decline in well‐being. The central purpose of this study was to identify mechanisms underlying change of well‐being in times of threat, using the example of the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a focus on appraisals of the pandemic and affective states, stress, as well as mindfulness in daily life.
Methods: We conducted a study across 3.5 weeks, including pretest, posttest, and a diary phase in‐between. We worked with a sample of 460 adults, pre‐ and post‐test information, as well as 7189 observations from the diary phase.
Results: Results showed that deterioration in mental health symptoms across the duration of the study was associated with (a) change towards less fortunate appraisals of the pandemic and (b), more negative affect and less mindfulness in daily life. Furthermore, appraisals of the pandemic at pretest predicted experiences in daily life, with more negative appraisals of the pandemic predicting more negative affect and stressor occurrence as well as less mindfulness.
Discussion: These findings speak to the dynamic nature of well‐being and appraisals in times of threat, and highlight the role of experiences in daily life in changes in well‐being. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Hambrecht, Susan; Oerke, Ann-Kathrin; Heistermann, Michael; Hartig, Johannes; Dierkes, Paul W.
Title: Effects of positive reinforcement training and novel object exposure on salivary cortisol levels under consideration of individual variation in captive African elephants (loxodonta africana)
In: Animals, 11 (2021) 12, S. 3525
DOI: 10.3390/ani11123525
URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123525
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Elefant; Training; Stress; Zoo; Tierhaltung; Tierbeobachtung; Physiologie; Reaktion <Physiol>; Tierpflege; Tierverhalten
Abstract (english): Dealing with potential stress in species that have high husbandry requirements, such as elephants, is a challenge for zoos. The objective of the present study was to determine whether positive reinforcement training (PRT) and exposure to a novel object (NOV) for enrichment induced a salivary cortisol response indicative of activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and which factors determine individual variation in this regard in captive African elephants. We repeatedly sampled the saliva of ten animals (three zoos) for the analysis of cortisol (SACort) before and up to 60 min (in 10-15 min intervals) after the onset of PRT (three repeats) or NOV (nine repeats), which lasted 10 min. There was considerable individual variation in SACort in response to PRT or NOV. Using mixed models, we were able to control these and to reveal that PRT was associated with high SACort before and relatively low SACort after PRT, while NOV induced a moderate SACort increase. The individual differences in SACort were related to age and sex (NOV), while the effects of zoo, handling method (free vs. protected contact) and reproductive and social status were variable. We conclude that positive affective states, such as anticipation or arousal, should be taken into account when interpreting the differences in the SACort responses between PRT and NOV. In addition, understanding the individuality of stress will support management decisions aimed at promoting captive elephant welfare. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
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Author(s): Neubauer, Andreas B.; Schmidt, Andrea; Kramer, Andrea C.; Schmiedek, Florian
Title: A little autonomy support goes a long way. Daily autonomy-supportive parenting, child well-being, parental need fulfillment, and change in child, family, and parent adjustment across the adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic
In: Child Development, 92 (2021) 5, S. 1679-1697
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13515
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-252301
URL: https://www.pedocs.de/volltexte/2022/25230/pdf/Child_Development_2021_Neubauer_et_al_A_Little_Autonomy_Support_Goes_a_Long_Way_A.pdf
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Mehrebenenanalyse; Deutschland; Pandemie; Eltern; Kind; Selbstständigkeit; Unterstützung; Wirkung; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden; Bedürfnisbefriedigung; Veränderung; Verhaltensänderung; Anpassung; Familienleben; Stress; Vitalität; Befragung; Fragebogen; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Strukturgleichungsmodell
Abstract: This study examined the effects of daily parental autonomy support on changes in child behavior, family environment, and parental well‐being across 3 weeks during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Germany. Day‐to‐day associations among autonomy‐supportive parenting, parental need fulfillment, and child well‐being were also assessed. Parents (longitudinal N = 469; Mage = 42.93, SDage = 6.40) of school children (6-19 years) reported on adjustment measures at two measurement occasions and completed up to 21 daily online questionnaires in the weeks between these assessments. Results from dynamic structural equation models suggested reciprocal positive relations among autonomy‐supportive parenting and parental need fulfillment. Daily parental autonomy support, parental need fulfillment, and child well‐being partially predicted change in adjustment measures highlighting the central role of daily parenting for children's adjustment during the pandemic. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Sicorello, Maurizio; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Stoffel, Martin; Koehler, Friederike; Voss, Andreas; Ditzen, Beate
Title: Psychological structure and neuroendocrine patterns of daily stress appraisals
In: Psychoneuroendocrinology, 127 (2021) , S. 105198
DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105198
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-251697
URL: https://www.pedocs.de/volltexte/2022/25169/pdf/PNEC_2021_Sicorello_et-al_Psychological-structure-and-neuroendocrine_A.pdf
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Stress; Bewertung; Selbstbeobachtung; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren; Neurophysiologie; Hormonphysiologie; Psychologische Forschung; Psychosomatik; Neuropsychologische Messung; Mehrebenenanalyse; Deutschland
Abstract: Threat and challenge are two fundamental appraisal concepts of psychological stress theories, determined by the mismatch between demands and resources. Previous research has predominantly investigated the neuroendocrine correlates of stress appraisal in laboratory contexts during acute demanding situations. We tested whether the psychoneuroendocrinology of stress appraisals can also be investigated in naturalistic trans-contextual everyday life settings. Forty-two participants produced five daily saliva samples and provided concurrent questionnaire data on subjective stress, demands, resources, and the threat-challenge continuum over the course of five days (69% female; mean age = 22.8, range = 18-30 years). Momentary salivary cortisol and alpha amylase were predicted with three-level autoregressive linear mixed models. We found that both momentary cortisol and alpha amylase were elevated during higher subjective stress. In contrast, cortisol was not significantly related to a bipolar threat-challenge indicator. Moreover within-person response surface analyses showed no effect of the mismatch between demands and resources on either physiological stress indicator, but confirmed theoretically proposed effects on subjective threat-challenge, which was replicated in another intensive longitudinal (N = 61) and a large cross-sectional sample (N = 1194). In sum, our study (a) suggests robust relations between subjective stress and HPA/SAM axis activity on a moment-to-moment basis and (b) confirms theoretical predictions concerning stress appraisal and the mismatch between demands and resources on a psychological level. In contrast, no neuroendocrine patterns of threat-challenge were found, suggesting that neuroendocrine patterns might be context-specific and do not apply to a general demand-resource imbalance in everyday life. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Friedmann, F.; Santangelo, P.; Ebner-Priemer, U.; Hill, H.; Neubauer, Andreas B.; Rausch, S.; Steil, R.; Müller-Engelmann, M.; Kleindienst, N.; Bohus, M.; Fydrich, T.; Priebe, K.
Title: Life within a limited radius: Investigating activity space in women with a history of child abuse using global positioning system tracking
In: PLoS ONE, 15 (2020) 5, S. e0232666
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232666
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-232705
URL: http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2022/23270/pdf/Neubauer_2020_Life_within_a_limited_radius_A.pdf
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Kindesmissbrauch; Sexueller Missbrauch; Frau; Posttraumatisches Stresssyndrom; Erwachsenenalter; Mobilität; Aktivität; Radius; Alltag; Psychische Gesundheit; Psychische Belastung; Vergleichsuntersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract: Early experiences of childhood sexual or physical abuse are often associated with functional impairments, reduced well-being and interpersonal problems in adulthood. Prior studies have addressed whether the traumatic experience itself or adult psychopathology is linked to these limitations. To approach this question, individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and healthy individuals with and without a history of child abuse were investigated. We used global positioning system (GPS) tracking to study temporal and spatial limitations in the participants' real-life activity space over the course of one week. The sample consisted of 228 female participants: 150 women with PTSD and emotional instability with a history of child abuse, 35 mentally healthy women with a history of child abuse (healthy trauma controls, HTC) and 43 mentally healthy women without any traumatic experiences in their past (healthy controls, HC). Both traumatized groups-i.e. the PTSD and the HTC group-had smaller movement radii than the HC group on the weekends, but neither spent significantly less time away from home than HC. Some differences between PTSD and HC in movement radius seem to be related to correlates of PTSD psychopathology, like depression and physical health. Yet group differences between HTC and HC in movement radius remained even when contextual and individual health variables were included in the model, indicating specific effects of traumatic experiences on activity space. Experiences of child abuse could limit activity space later in life, regardless of whether PTSD develops. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Moroni, Sandra; Dumont, Hanna
Title: "Mensch, jetzt begreif es doch endlich mal!" Anlässe für Streit wegen Hausaufgaben aus Kind- und aus Elternperspektive
In: Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 67 (2020) 4, S. 262-278
DOI: 10.2378/peu2020.art13d
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-221169
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-221169
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Deutschland; Hausaufgabenhilfe; Eltern; Kind; Unterstützung; Konflikt; Stress; Einflussfaktor; Wahrnehmung; Lernbedingungen; Befragung; Quantitative Forschung; Qualitative Forschung; Mixed-Methods-Design
Abstract: Die Studie geht auf der Basis einer quantitativen (N=453 Kinder, N=367 Eltern) und einer qualitativen Befragung (N=26 Kinder, N=26 Eltern) den Fragen nach, welche spezifischen Anlässe nach Angaben der Eltern und Kinder zu Streit während der Hausaufgabensituation führen und ob sich die Wahrnehmung der Eltern dabei von derjenigen der Kinder unterscheidet. Es wurden verschiedene Quellen für Streit gefunden: Erstens berichteten sowohl Eltern als auch Kinder von Anlässen mit Ursache beim Kind. Am häufigsten wurde diesbezüglich genannt, dass das Kind die Hausaufgaben zu wenig ordentlich erledige. Zweitens wurden Anlässe mit Ursache bei den Eltern aufgeführt. Der am häufigsten genannte Anlass besteht darin, dass die Eltern einen Inhalt anders erklären, als es das Kind aus der Schule gewohnt ist. Drittens wurden Rahmenbedingungen der Hausaufgabensituation als Anlässe für Streit genannt. Am häufigsten wurde hier beschrieben, dass sich Eltern und Kind unabhängig von den Hausaufgaben gestresst fühlten und sich dies auf die Hausaufgabensituation übertrage. Zudem zeigte sich in der quantitativen und in der qualitativen Befragung, dass sich die Wahrnehmung der Eltern in zentralen Aspekten grundlegend von derjenigen des Kindes unterschied. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
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Author(s): Neubauer, Andreas B.; Scott, Stacey B.; Sliwinski, Martin J.; Smyth, Joshua M.
Title: How was your day? Convergence of aggregated momentary and retrospective end-of-day affect ratings across the adult life span
In: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119 (2020) 1, S. 185-203
DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000248
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-228882
URL: http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2021/22888/pdf/JPSP_2020_1_Neubauer_et_al_How_was_your_day_A.pdf
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Wohlbefinden; Stress; Emotionaler Zustand; Altersgruppe; Erwachsener; Unterschied; Erinnerung; Gedächtnis; Tagesablauf; Tagebuch; Indikator; Gegenwart; Vergangenheit; Messverfahren; Befragung; Vergleich; USA
Abstract (english): Daily diary studies and experience sampling studies examine day-to-day variations in affect using different rating types: The former typically collect retrospective affect reports at the end of the day, whereas the latter collects multiple momentary assessments across the day. The present study examined the convergence of (aggregated) momentary assessments collected repeatedly within a day and retrospective assessments collected at the end of the day. Building on prior research on the memory-experience gap and the peak-and-end rule we predicted that participants would report more intense retrospective affect than aggregated momentary affect, and that retrospective affect would be biased toward the peak and the most recent affect of the day. Based on socioemotional selectivity theory and the strength and vulnerability integration model, age differences in these convergence indicators were expected. Findings from 2 age-heterogeneous ecological momentary assessment/daily diary hybrid studies (N = 242, 25-65 years; and N = 175, 20-79 years) revealed (a) a memory-experience gap for negative affect (more intense retrospective ratings than aggregated momentary ratings) that is attenuated with advancing age; (b) only a small memory-experience gap for positive affect for very old adults (66-79 years), but not younger adults; (c) relatively high convergence of aggregated momentary ratings and retrospective ratings despite (d) small biases of retrospective negative affect ratings toward peak and most recent negative affect. Findings suggest that both rating types can discriminate "good days" from "bad days" and provide overlapping but not necessarily exchangeable information. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Grützmacher, Luisa; Raufelder, Diana
Title: Das reziproke Zusammenspiel von Stresserleben, sozialen Beziehungen mit Peers und Lehrkräften und schulischer Leistung im Verlauf von früher zu mittlerer Adoleszenz
In: Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 66 (2019) 2, S. 118-130
DOI: 10.2378/peu2019.art11d
URL: https://reinhardt-journals.de/index.php/peu/article/view/151390
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Jugendlicher; Adoleszenz; Stress; Wahrnehmung; Soziale Beziehung; Schüler-Lehrer-Beziehung; Schüler-Schüler-Beziehung; Peergroup; Schülerleistung; Wirkung; Modell; Korrelation; Hypothese; Gymnasium; Oberschule; Schuljahr 08; Schuljahr 09; Befragung; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Empirische Untersuchung; Brandenburg; Deutschland
Abstract: Da bisherige Forschungsbefunde nahelegten, dass sich die sozialen und motivationalen Beziehungen mit Lehrkräften und Peers, die schulische Leistung und das Stresserleben gegenseitig bedingen, zielte diese Untersuchung darauf ab, ein detailliertes Verständnis über dieses reziproke Zusammenspiel im Verlauf von früher zur mittleren Adoleszenz zu gewinnen. Aufgrund der Komplexität der sozialen Beziehungen wurden die sozio-emotionale und die sozio-motivationale Beziehungsebene berücksichtigt. Anhand einer umfangreichen Stichprobe von Lernenden, die zum ersten Messzeitpunkt in der 8. Klasse (N=1088; Mage=13.70; SD=0.53; 54% Mädchen) und zum zweiten Messzeitpunkt in der 9. Klasse waren (N=845; Mage=15.32; SD=0.49; 55% Mädchen), konnte mittels Cross-Lagged-Panel-Designs festgestellt werden, dass sich das Stresserleben auf die sozio-motivationale Beziehungsebene der Lehrkraft-Schulkind-Beziehung und die schulische Leistung der Adoleszenten auswirkten. Darüber hinaus hatte die schulische Leistung einen Effekt auf die Lehrkraft-Schulkind-Beziehung. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation