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Author(s): Kielblock, Amina
Title: Wie Kinder bestmöglich vom Ganztag profitieren. Zum Rechtsanspruch auf Ganztagsbetreuung ab 2026
In: SchulVerwaltung. Ausgabe Hessen und Rheinland-Pfalz, 28 (2023) 3, S. 92-93
Publication Type: 3b. Beiträge in weiteren Zeitschriften; praxisorientiert
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Bildungsangebot; Deutschland; Förderung; Ganztagsbetreuung; Ganztagsschule; Grundschulalter; Kind; Personal; Wohlbefinden
Abstract: Ab 2026 greift der Rechtsanspruch auf Ganztagsbetreuung für Grundschulkinder. Damit sollen Eltern Beruf und Familie besser vereinbaren können. Für die Kinder erhofft man sich eine bessere Förderung und mehr Bildungsgerechtigkeit. Doch dafür muss noch viel getan werden. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
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Author(s): Kielblock, Amina
Title: Wie Kinder bestmöglich vom Ganztag profitieren. Zum Rechtsanspruch auf Ganztagsbetreuung ab 2026
In: SchulVerwaltung. Ausgabe Baden-Württemberg, 32 (2023) 3, S. 88-89
Publication Type: 3b. Beiträge in weiteren Zeitschriften; praxisorientiert
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Bildungsangebot; Deutschland; Förderung; Ganztagsbetreuung; Ganztagsschule; Grundschulalter; Kind; Personal; Wohlbefinden
Abstract: Ab 2026 greift der Rechtsanspruch auf Ganztagsbetreuung für Grundschulkinder. Damit sollen Eltern Beruf und Familie besser vereinbaren können. Für die Kinder erhofft man sich eine bessere Förderung und mehr Bildungsgerechtigkeit. Doch dafür muss noch viel getan werden. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
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Author(s): Hasselhorn, Marcus; Titz, Cora
Title: Entwicklungspsychologie des Erwachsenenalters
In: Arnold, Rolf; Nuissl, Ekkehard; Schrader, Josef (Hrsg.): Wörterbuch Erwachsenen- und Weiterbildung, Bad Heilbrunn: UTB/Klinkhardt, 2023 , S. 114-115
DOI: 10.35468/wbeb2022-074
URL: https://wb-erwachsenenbildung.net/download/entwicklungspsychologie-des-erwachsenenalters/
Publication Type: 4. Beiträge in Sammelbänden; Sammelband (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Disziplin <Wissenschaft>; Emotion; Entwicklungspsychologie; Erleben; Erwachsenenalter; Erwachsener; Kognition; Verhalten
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Titz, Cora; Hasselhorn, Marcus
Title: Intelligenzentwicklung im Erwachsenenalter
In: Arnold, Rolf; Nuissl, Ekkehard; Schrader, Josef (Hrsg.): Wörterbuch Erwachsenen- und Weiterbildung, Bad Heilbrunn: UTB/Klinkhardt, 2023 , S. 219-220
DOI: 10.35468/wbeb2022-143
URL: https://wb-erwachsenenbildung.net/download/intelligenzentwicklung-im-erwachsenenalter/
Publication Type: 4. Beiträge in Sammelbänden; Sammelband (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Entwicklung; Erwachsenenalter; Intelligenzforschung; Intelligenz <Psy>
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Teipel, Stefan J.; Amaefule, Chimezie O.; Lüdtke, Stefan; Görß, Doreen; Faraza, Sofia; Bruhn, Sven; Kirste, Thomas
Title: Prediction of disorientation by accelerometric and gait features in young and older adults navigating in a virtually enriched environment
In: Frontiers in Psychology, 13 (2022) , S. 882446
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.882446
URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.882446/full
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Abstract: Objective: To determine whether gait and accelerometric features can predict disorientation events in young and older adults.
Methods: Cognitively healthy younger (18-40 years, n = 25) and older (60-85 years, n = 28) participants navigated on a treadmill through a virtual representation of the city of Rostock featured within the Gait Real-Time Analysis Interactive Lab (GRAIL) system. We conducted Bayesian Poisson regression to determine the association of navigation performance with domain-specific cognitive functions. We determined associations of gait and accelerometric features with disorientation events in real-time data using Bayesian generalized mixed effect models. The accuracy of gait and accelerometric features to predict disorientation events was determined using cross-validated support vector machines (SVM) and Hidden Markov models (HMM).
Results: Bayesian analysis revealed strong evidence for the effect of gait and accelerometric features on disorientation. The evidence supported a relationship between executive functions but not visuospatial abilities and perspective taking with navigation performance. Despite these effects, the cross-validated percentage of correctly assigned instances of disorientation was only 72% in the SVM and 63% in the HMM analysis using gait and accelerometric features as predictors.
Conclusion: Disorientation is reflected in spatiotemporal gait features and the accelerometric signal as a potentially more easily accessible surrogate for gait features. At the same time, such measurements probably need to be enriched with other parameters to be sufficiently accurate for individual prediction of disorientation events. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Breitwieser, Jasmin; Brod, Garvin
Title: Cognitive prerequisites for generative learning. Why some learning strategies are more effective than others
In: Child Development, 92 (2021) 1, S. 258-272
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13393
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252348
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252348
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Lernstrategie; Effektivität; Voraussetzung; Kognition; Unterschied; Lebensalter; Altersabhängigkeit; Schüler; Student; Empirische Untersuchung; Augenbewegung; Bewegungsanalyse; Frankfurt a.M.; Deutschland
Abstract: This study examined age‐related differences in the effectiveness of two generative learning strategies (GLSs). Twenty‐five children aged 9-11 and 25 university students aged 17-29 performed a facts learning task in which they had to generate either a prediction or an example before seeing the correct result. We found a significant Age × Learning Strategy interaction, with children remembering more facts after generating predictions rather than examples, whereas both strategies were similarly effective in adults. Pupillary data indicated that predictions stimulated surprise, whereas the effectiveness of example‐based learning correlated with children's analogical reasoning abilities. These findings suggest that there are different cognitive prerequisites for different GLSs, which results in varying degrees of strategy effectiveness by age.
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Brod, Garvin
Title: Generative learning. Which strategies for what age?
In: Educational Psychology Review, 33 (2021) 4, S. 1295-1318
DOI: 10.1007/s10648-020-09571-9
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-237048
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-237048
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Lernen; Strategie; Effektivität; Aktives Lernen; Kind; Lebensalter; Entwicklung; Unterschied; Lerntechnik; Forschungsüberblick
Abstract: Generative learning strategies are intended to improve students' learning by prompting them to actively make sense of the material to be learned. But are they effective for all students? This review provides an overview of six popular generative learning strategies: concept mapping, explaining, predicting, questioning, testing, and drawing. Its main purpose is to review for what ages the effectiveness of these strategies has been demonstrated and whether there are indications of age-related differences in their effectiveness. The description of each strategy covers (1) how it is supposed to work, (2) the evidence on its effectiveness in different age groups, and (3) if there are age-related differences in its effectiveness. It is found that while all six generative learning strategies reviewed have proven effective for university students, evidence is mixed for younger students. Whereas some strategies (practice testing, predicting) seem to be effective already in lower-elementary-school children, others (drawing, questioning) seem to be largely ineffective until secondary school. The review closes with a call for research on the cognitive and metacognitive prerequisites of generative learning that can explain these differences.
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Neubauer, Andreas B.; Kramer, Andrea C.; Schmidt, Andrea; Könen, Tanja; Dirk, Judith; Schmiedek, Florian
Title: Reciprocal relations of subjective sleep quality and affective well-being in late childhood
In: Developmental Psychology, 57 (2021) 8, S. 1372-1386
DOI: 10.1037/dev0001209
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252136
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252136
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Deutschland; Kind; Grundschulalter; Schlaf; Qualität; Wirkung; Wohlbefinden; Negativität; Subjektivität; Affekt; Tagesablauf; Emotionaler Zustand; Messverfahren; Test; Mehrebenenanalyse; Strukturgleichungsmodell
Abstract: High sleep quality has been associated with beneficial outcomes across the life span. Intensive longitudinal studies suggest that these beneficial effects can also be observed on a day-to-day level. However, the dynamic interplay between subjective sleep quality and affective well-being in children's daily life has only rarely been investigated. The aims of the present work were (a) to replicate findings from a prior ambulatory assessment study in this area (Könen et al., 2016), (b) to explore the effect of subjective sleep quality on well-being throughout the day, and (c) to examine the reciprocal relation between subjective sleep quality and well-being in more detail. Data from two ambulatory assessment studies with children between 8 and 11 years (N = 108/84, with assessments over 28/21 consecutive days) consistently showed that positive affect was higher and negative affect was lower after nights with better sleep quality, and that the effects of subjective sleep quality were stronger on well-being assessed in the morning compared with later in the day. Results from dynamic structural equation models revealed reciprocal effects of subjective sleep quality and positive affect. Negative affect was not consistently related to worse subsequent sleep quality after controlling for positive affect and prior night's sleep quality. Results suggest a close relation of sleep quality and positive affect, which strengthens the idea behind interventions targeting both, children's sleep and well-being. Differences between children in the dynamic interplay between sleep and affect may be important predictors of long-term outcomes. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Author(s): Peters, Svenja; Höltge, Lea; Buchholz, Janine; Hartmann, Ulrike; Ehm, Jan-Henning; Hasselhorn, Marcus
Title: Wie sind die Kenntnisse pädagogischer Fachkräfte zu Diagnostik und Förderung einzuschätzen?
In: Frühe Bildung, 10 (2021) 1, S. 39-48
DOI: 10.1026/2191-9186/a000503
URL: https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/2191-9186/a000503
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Deutsch
Keywords: Erzieher; Fachkraft; Diagnostik; Förderung; Kind; Vorschulalter; Schulreife; Kompetenz; Kindergarten; Kindertagesstätte; Frühkindliche Bildung; Einstellung <Psy>; Belastung; Wahrnehmung; Wissen; Sprache; Mathematik; Beobachtung; Dokumentation; Vignette <Methode>; Fallbeispiel; Latent-Class-Analyse; Deutschland
Abstract: Diagnostik und Förderung werden zunehmend als Bestandteile professioneller Bildungsarbeit in Kitas anerkannt. Ihre Umsetzung bedarf entsprechender Kompetenzen. In einer Fragebogenstudie wurden Kenntnisse zu Diagnostik und Förderung von 285 pädagogischen Fachkräften mittels einer Fallvignette untersucht. Die schriftlichen Antworten gaben erste Hinweise darauf, über welche diagnostischen und förderbezogenen Kenntnisse sie in den Bereichen Sprache und Mathematik verfügen. Durch latente Klassenanalysen wurden fünf Fachkraftgruppen mit unterschiedlichen Kenntnissen identifiziert. Diese zeigten sich entweder vorwiegend austauschorientiert (C1), vorwiegend ideenlos (C2), vorwiegend beobachtungs- und förderorientiert (C3), vorwiegend förderorientiert (C4) oder vorwiegend beobachtungs- und austauschorientiert (C5). Die Gruppen unterschieden sich u.a. hinsichtlich der Einstellungen gegenüber Diagnostik sowie der wahrgenommenen beruflichen Belastung. Konsequenzen für die Professionalisierung pädagogischer Fachkräfte sowie für zukünftige Forschung werden diskutiert. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): Diagnostics and instructional support are key components of professional early education, and are associated with specific competencies. To contribute to this field of research, we conducted a survey study with 285 early childhood educators. Educators' knowledge of diagnostics and instructional support regarding children's language and mathematic development was assessed by a case vignette. Latent class analysis identified five groups of educators differing with regard to their knowledge. Their written answers were characterized by either pointing out cooperation with others (C1), a lack of one's own ideas (C2), emphasizing both observation and support methods (C3), a focus on support methods (C4), or focusing on methods of observation and cooperation (C5). Moreover, these groups differed in other facets of professional competencies and structural features. Significant differences were revealed regarding their beliefs toward assessment of skills and their individual stress level. Implications for professional development and further research are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung; Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
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Author(s): Theobald, Maria; Brod, Garvin
Title: Tackling scientific misconceptions. The element of surprise
In: Child Development, 92 (2021) 5, S. 2128-2141
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13582
URL: https://srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cdev.13582
Publication Type: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language: Englisch
Keywords: Missverständnis; Kind; Grundschulalter; Stichprobe; Lernprozess; Lernforschung; Pupillenreflex; Kognition; Revision; Überraschung; Überzeugung; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht; Naturwissenschaftliches Denken; Widerspruch; Lernverhalten; Einflussfaktor; Kognitive Lerntheorie
Abstract: Misconceptions about scientific concepts often prevail even if learners are confronted with conflicting evidence. This study tested the facilitative role of surprise in children's revision of misconceptions regarding water displacement in a sample of German children (N = 94, aged 6-9 years, 46% female). Surprise was measured via the pupil dilation response. It was induced by letting children generate predictions before presenting them with outcomes that conflicted with their misconception. Compared to a control condition, generating predictions boosted children's surprise and led to a greater revision of misconceptions (d = 0.56). Surprise further predicted successful belief revision during the learning phase. These results suggest that surprise increases the salience of a cognitive conflict, thereby facilitating the revision of misconceptions. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments: Bildung und Entwicklung