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(Schlagwörter: "Emotionaler Zustand")
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Relations between teachers' emotional exhaustion and students' educational outcomes
Arens, A. Katrin; Morin, Alexandre J. S.
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Educational Psychology | 2016
36446 Endnote
Author(s):
Arens, A. Katrin; Morin, Alexandre J. S.
Title:
Relations between teachers' emotional exhaustion and students' educational outcomes
In:
Journal of Educational Psychology, 108 (2016) 6, S. 800-813
DOI:
10.1037/edu0000105
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-166089
URL:
http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-166089
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Datenanalyse; Deutschland; Einflussfaktor; Emotionaler Zustand; Kompetenz; Lehrer; Schüler; Schülerleistung; Sekundäranalyse; Selbsteinschätzung; Selbstkonzept; Unterstützung; Wahrnehmung; Zufriedenheit
Abstract (english):
Studies investigating the effects of emotional exhaustion among teachers have primarily focused on its relations with teacher-related outcome variables but little research has been done for examining its relations with student outcomes. Therefore, this study examines the relations between teachers' emotional exhaustion and educational outcomes among students. Students' educational outcomes considered here cover a wide range of cognitive (i.e., achievement in terms of school grades and standardized achievement test scores) and noncognitive (competence self-perceptions, school satisfaction, and perceptions of teacher support) outcomes. The analyses are based on the PIRLS 2006 German data including 380 teachers and 7,899 4th grade students. The results demonstrated direct negative relations between teachers' emotional exhaustion and the class average of students' school grades, standardized achievement test scores, school satisfaction, and perceptions of teacher support, but not competence self-perceptions. At the individual student level, the results showed significant relations between noncognitive outcomes and academic achievement. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
"Doppelter Praxisschock" auf dem Weg ins Lehramt? Verlauf und potentielle Einflussfaktoren […]
Dicke, Theresa; Holzberger, Doris; Kunina-Habenicht, Olga; Linninger, Christina; […]
Journal Article
| In: Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht | 2016
36566 Endnote
Author(s):
Dicke, Theresa; Holzberger, Doris; Kunina-Habenicht, Olga; Linninger, Christina; Schulze-Stocker, Franziska; Seidel, Tina; Terhart, Ewald; Leutner, Detlev; Kunter, Mareike
Title:
"Doppelter Praxisschock" auf dem Weg ins Lehramt? Verlauf und potentielle Einflussfaktoren emotionaler Erschöpfung während des Vorbereitungsdienstes und nach dem Berufseintritt
In:
Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 63 (2016) 4, S. 244-257
DOI:
10.2378/peu2016.art20d
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Deutsch
Keywords:
Arbeitsbedingungen; Belastung; Berufsanfänger; Berufsanforderung; Bewältigung; Deutschland; Einflussfaktor; Emotionaler Zustand; Empirische Untersuchung; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Lehramt; Lehrerausbildung; Messung; Nordrhein-Westfalen; Praxis; Quasi-Experiment; Referendariat; Reform; Schule; Stress; Veränderung
Abstract:
Lehrkräfte am Anfang ihrer Berufstätigkeit werden häufig mit einem hohen Beanspruchungsniveau und dem sogenannten Praxisschock assoziiert. Obwohl der in Deutschland durchgeführte Vorbereitungsdienst einen schonenden Einstieg gewährleisten soll, unterliegt dieser häufig Kritik, sodass im Jahr 2009 eine umfassende Reform des Vorbereitungsdienstes beschlossen wurde. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht daher in einem quasi-experimentellen (Vergleich der Kohorte vor der Reform mit der danach) Prä-Post-Post-Design den Verlauf und potenzielle Einflussfaktoren auf emotionale Erschöpfung zu Beginn (Messzeitpunkt 1) und Ende (Messzeitpunkt 2) des Vorbereitungsdienstes sowie nach dem Berufseintritt (Messzeitpunkt 3) für Lehramtsanwärterinnen und -anwärter in Nordrhein-Westfalen (N = 1749). Es zeigte sich nach Abnahme der emotionalen Erschöpfung im Verlauf des Vorbereitungsdienstes ein Anstieg während des ersten Jahres als Lehrkraft, was als Indiz für das Vorliegen eines zweiten Praxisschocks angesehen werden kann. In Bezug auf Einflussfaktoren der subjektiv empfundenen Beanspruchung scheinen weder die Reform des Vorbereitungsdienstes noch die Schulform, an der die Lehramtsanwärterinnen und -anwärter unterrichten, einen Einfluss zu haben. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
Beginning teachers are often associated with high strain and the so called reality shock. Although the German teacher induction process is supposed to ensure a smooth transition to becoming a teacher it is often a subject to criticism. Thus, in 2009 a reform of teacher induction was initiated. Applying a quasi-experimental (contrasting the last cohort before and the first after reform) pre-post-post design the current study examines the development of emotional exhaustion at the beginning (Time 1) and end (Time 2) of induction time, and after having worked as fully licensed teacher for one year (Time 3) for beginning teachers in North Rhine-Westphalia (N = 1,749). Results of latent change models provided evidence for a second reality shock; following an initial decrease during induction time, emotional exhaustion increased after the first year of fully licensed teaching. Neither the reform nor school type revealed any influencing effects on this development. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
The interplay between sleep behavior and affect in elementary school children's daily life
Könen, Tanja; Dirk, Judith; Leonhardt, Anja; Schmiedek, Florian
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology | 2016
36279 Endnote
Author(s):
Könen, Tanja; Dirk, Judith; Leonhardt, Anja; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
The interplay between sleep behavior and affect in elementary school children's daily life
In:
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 150 (2016) , S. 1-15
DOI:
10.1016/j.jecp.2016.04.003
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alltag; Dauer; Deutschland; Emotionaler Zustand; Grundschulalter; Kind; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Mehrebenenanalyse; Qualität; Schlaf; Schlafstörung; Schuljahr 03; Schuljahr 04; Wohlbefinden
Abstract:
Recent reviews raised the idea of a bidirectional relation between sleep behavior and affect in adults, but little is known about this interplay in general and especially regarding children. In this micro-longitudinal study, the interplay of sleep and affect was captured directly in children's daily life context in and out of school through ambulatory assessment. For 31 consecutive days, 110 elementary school children (8-11 years old) provided information about their last night's sleep and reported their current affect at four daily occasions in school and at home on smartphones. A multilevel approach was used to analyze the relation between sleep and affect the next day (morning, noon, and afternoon) and the relation between evening affect and subsequent sleep. At the withinperson level, sleep quality was related to all observed facets of affect the next day and the strongest effects were found in the morning. The effect of sleep quality on positive affect was particularly pronounced for children who on average went to bed early and slept long. There were, however, no direct within-person effects of sleep quantity on affect. Furthermore, evening affect was related to subsequent sleep. The findings support the idea of a bidirectional relation between affect and sleep in children's daily life (including school). They suggest that good sleep provides a basis and resource for children's affective well-being the next day and demonstrate the importance of analyzing within-person variations of children's sleep. Micro-longitudinal findings can contribute to explain how macro-longitudinal relations between sleep and affect develop over time. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
How differentiated do children experience affect? An investigation of the within- and […]
Leonhardt, Anja; Könen, Tanja; Dirk, Judith; Schmiedek, Florian
Journal Article
| In: Psychological Assessment | 2016
35476 Endnote
Author(s):
Leonhardt, Anja; Könen, Tanja; Dirk, Judith; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
How differentiated do children experience affect? An investigation of the within- and between-person structure of children's affect
In:
Psychological Assessment, 28 (2016) 5, S. 575-585
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Affekt; Befragung; Emotionale Kompetenz; Emotionaler Zustand; Faktorenanalyse; Grundschulalter; Kind; Kognitive Kompetenz; Modell; Schuljahr 03; Schuljahr 04; Selbstreflexion; Selbstregulation; Stimmung; Vergleich
Abstract:
Research on the structure of children's affect is limited. It is possible that children's perception of their own affect might be less differentiated than that of adults. Support for the 2-factor model of positive and negative affect and the pleasure-arousal model suggests that children in middle childhood can distinguish positive and negative affect as well as valence and arousal. Whether children are able to differentiate further aspects of affect, as proposed by the 3-dimensional model of affect (good-bad mood, alertness-tiredness, calmness-tension), is an unresolved issue. The aim of our study was the comparison of these 3 affect models to establish how differentiated children experience their affect and which model best describes affect in children. We examined affect structures on the between- and within-person level, acknowledging that affect varies across time and that no valid interpretation of either level is feasible if both are confounded. For this purpose, 214 children (age 8 -11 years) answered affect items once a day for 5 consecutive days on smartphones. We tested all affect models by means of 2-level confirmatory factor analysis. Although all affect models had an acceptable fit, the 3-dimensional model best described affect in children on both the within- and between-person level. Thus, children in middle childhood can already describe affect in a differentiated way. Also, affect structures were similar on the within- and between-person level. We conclude that in order to acquire a thorough picture of children's affect, measures for children should include items of all 3 affect dimensions. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Emotional inertia contributes to depressive symptoms beyond perseverative thinking
Brose, Annette; Schmiedek, Florian; Koval, Peter; Kuppens, Peter
Journal Article
| In: Cognition and Emotion | 2015
35381 Endnote
Author(s):
Brose, Annette; Schmiedek, Florian; Koval, Peter; Kuppens, Peter
Title:
Emotional inertia contributes to depressive symptoms beyond perseverative thinking
In:
Cognition and Emotion, 29 (2015) 3, S. 527-538
DOI:
10.1080/02699931.2014.916252
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.916252
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Affekt; Depression; Deutschland; Emotionaler Zustand; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Negativität; Prognose; Psychologische Forschung; Tagebuch; Zeit
Abstract:
The autocorrelation or inertia of negative affect reflects how much negative emotions carry over from moment to moment and has been associated with increased depressive symptoms. In this study, we posed three challenges to this association by examining: (1) whether emotional inertia is relevant for depressive symptoms when assessed on a longer timescale than usual; (2) whether inertia is uniquely related to depressive symptoms after controlling for perseverative thoughts; and (3) whether inertia is related to depressive symptoms over and above the within-person association between affect and perseverative thoughts. Participants (N = 101) provided ratings of affect and perseverative thoughts for 100 days; depressive symptoms were reported before and after the study, and again after 2.5 years. Day-to-day emotional inertia was related to depressive symptoms over and above trait and state perseverative thoughts. Moreover, inertia predicted depressive symptoms when adjusting for its association with perseverative thoughts. These findings establish the relevance of emotional inertia in depressive symptoms independent of perseverative thoughts. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Differences in the between-person and within-person structures of affect are a matter of degree
Brose, Annette; Voelke, Manuel C.; Lövdén, Martin; Lindenberger, Ulman; Schmiedek, Florian
Journal Article
| In: European Journal of Personality | 2015
35382 Endnote
Author(s):
Brose, Annette; Voelke, Manuel C.; Lövdén, Martin; Lindenberger, Ulman; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
Differences in the between-person and within-person structures of affect are a matter of degree
In:
European Journal of Personality, 29 (2015) 1, S. 55-71
DOI:
10.1002/per.1961
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Affekt; Emotionaler Zustand; Interaktion; Junger Erwachsener; Messung; Messverfahren; Persönlichkeit; Stress; Struktur; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Test; Wohlbefinden; Zwischenmenschliche Beziehung
Abstract:
This study tested whether the structure of affect observed on the basis of between-person (BP) differences is equivalent to the affect structures that organize the variability of affective states within persons (WP) over time. Further aims were to identify individual differences in the degree of divergence between the WP and BP structure and examine its association to dispositional and contextual variables (neuroticism, extraversion, well-being and stress). In 100 daily sessions, 101 younger adults rated their mood on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Variability of five negative affect items across time was so low that they were excluded from the analyses. We thus worked with a modified negative affect subscale. WP affect structures diverged reliably from the BP structure, with individual differences in the degree of divergence. Differences in the WP structural characteristics and the degree of divergence could be predicted by well-being and stress. We conclude that BP and WP structures of affect are not equivalent and that BP and WP variation should be considered as distinct phenomena. It would be wrong, for example, to conceive of positive and negative affect as independent at the WP level, as suggested by BP findings. Yet, individual differences in WP structural characteristics are related to stable BP differences, and the degree to which individuals' affect structures diverge from the BP structure can provide important insights into intraindividual functioning. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Daily mood and out-of-home mobility in older adults. Does cognitive impairment matter?
Kaspar, Roman; Oswald, Frank; Wahl, Hans-Werner; Voss, Elke; Wettstein, Markus
Journal Article
| In: Journal of Applied Gerontology | 2015
33135 Endnote
Author(s):
Kaspar, Roman; Oswald, Frank; Wahl, Hans-Werner; Voss, Elke; Wettstein, Markus
Title:
Daily mood and out-of-home mobility in older adults. Does cognitive impairment matter?
In:
Journal of Applied Gerontology, 34 (2015) 1, S. 26-47
DOI:
10.1177/0733464812466290
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-125430
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-125430
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alter; Emotionaler Zustand; Experimentelle Untersuchung; Geistige Behinderung; Kognitive Entwicklung; Krankheit; Messung; Mobilität; Orientierungshilfe; Regressionsanalyse; Senior; Software; Soziale Beziehung; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden
Abstract (english):
This study explores the relationship between out-of-home behavior and daily mood of community-dwelling older adults with different levels of cognitive impairment across four consecutive weeks. The sample included 16 persons with early stage Alzheimer's disease (AD), 30 persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 95 cognitively healthy persons (CH). Using a multi-method approach, GPS tracking and daily-diary data were combined on a day-to-day basis. AD and MCI adults showed lower mood than the CH group. Whereas stronger positive links between mood and out-of-home behavior were found for AD compared to the total sample on an aggregate level, predicting daily mood by person (i.e., cognition) and occasion-specific characteristics (i.e., mobility and weekday), using multilevel regression analysis revealed no corresponding effect. In conclusion, cognitive status in old age appears to impact on mobility and mood as such, rather than on the mood and out-of-home behavior connection.
DIPF-Departments:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Daily fluctuations in positive affect positively co-vary with working memory performance
Brose, Annette; Lövdén, Martin; Schmiedek, Florian
Journal Article
| In: Emotion | 2014
34401 Endnote
Author(s):
Brose, Annette; Lövdén, Martin; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
Daily fluctuations in positive affect positively co-vary with working memory performance
In:
Emotion, 14 (2014) 1, S. 1-6
DOI:
10.1037/a0035210
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-165901
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2019/16590/pdf/2014_Schmiedek_Daily_fluctuations_in_positive_affect_A.pdf
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Affekt; Alltag; Arbeitsgedächtnis; Einflussfaktor; Emotionaler Zustand; Junger Erwachsener; Kognitive Kompetenz; Leistungsfähigkeit; Motivation; Test; Testaufgabe; Wohlbefinden
Abstract:
Positive affect is related to cognitive performance in multiple ways. It is associated with motivational aspects of performance, affective states capture attention, and information processing modes are a function of affect. In this study, we examined whether these links are relevant within individuals across time when they experience minor ups and downs of positive affect and work on cognitive tasks in the laboratory on a day-to-day basis. Using a microlongitudinal design, 101 younger adults (20-31 years of age) worked on 3 working memory tasks on about 100 occasions. Every day, they also reported on their momentary affect and their motivation to work on the tasks. In 2 of the 3 tasks, performance was enhanced on days when positive affect was above average. This performance enhancement was also associated with more motivation. Importantly, increases in task performance on days with above-average positive affect were mainly unrelated to variations in negative affect. This study's results are in line with between-person findings suggesting that high levels of well-being are associated with successful outcomes. They imply that success on cognitively demanding tasks is more likely on days when feeling happier.
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Life contexts make a difference. Emotional stability in younger and older adults
Brose, Annette; Scheibe, Susanne; Schmiedek, Florian
Journal Article
| In: Psychology and Aging | 2013
33753 Endnote
Author(s):
Brose, Annette; Scheibe, Susanne; Schmiedek, Florian
Title:
Life contexts make a difference. Emotional stability in younger and older adults
In:
Psychology and Aging, 28 (2013) 1, S. 148-159
DOI:
10.1037/a0030047
URL:
http://psycnet.apa.org/?&fa=main.doiLanding&doi=10.1037/a0030047
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Affektive Entwicklung; Altern; Einflussfaktor; Emotionale Entwicklung; Emotionaler Zustand; Empirische Untersuchung; Junger Erwachsener; Reaktion; Regressionsanalyse; Senior; Stress; Umwelteinfluss; Vergleich; Wohlbefinden
Abstract (english):
Emotional stability, as indicated by low affect variability and low affective reactivity to daily events, for example, tends to increase across the adult life span. This study investigated a contextual explanation for such age differences, relating affect variability and affective reactivity to age-group-specific life contexts. A sample of 101 younger and 103 older adults reported daily stressors and negative affect across 100 days. Compared with younger adults, older adults (a) experienced fewer stressors overall, (b) had less heterogeneous stressor profiles, and (c) reported that stressors had less impact on daily routines. As expected, these contextual factors were relevant for interindividual differences in emotional stability. Multiple regression analyses revealed that reduced affect variability and affective reactivity in older adults were associated with these age-group specific life contexts. Moreover, matching younger and older adults on the contextual factors to explore the effects of context on age-group differences further provided support for the (partially) contextual explanation of age differences in emotional stability. Matched subgroups of younger and older adults that were comparable on contextual variables were identified. Affective variability, but not affective reactivity, was more similar in the matched subsamples than in the total samples of younger and older adults. We conclude that contexts in which affective experiences emerge require more attention when aiming to explain interindividual and age group differences in emotional stability. Moreover, future studies need to disentangle the extent to which contexts interact with active self-regulatory processes to shape affective experiences across adulthood.
Physical and emotional well-being and the balance of needed and received emotional support. Age […]
Wolff, Julia K.; Schmiedek, Florian; Brose, Annette; Lindenberger, Ulman
Journal Article
| In: Social Science & Medicine | 2013
33714 Endnote
Author(s):
Wolff, Julia K.; Schmiedek, Florian; Brose, Annette; Lindenberger, Ulman
Title:
Physical and emotional well-being and the balance of needed and received emotional support. Age differences in a daily diary study
In:
Social Science & Medicine, 91 (2013) , S. 67-75
DOI:
10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.033
Publication Type:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Language:
Englisch
Keywords:
Alter; Bedürfnis; Deutschland; Emotionaler Zustand; Gesundheit; Junger Erwachsener; Körpererlebnis; Senior; Unterstützung; Wirkung; Wirkungsforschung; Wohlbefinden
Abstract:
Whether received social support matches the actual needs of the recipient is a largely overlooked aspect in research on associations of support and well-being. In particular, studies that investigate the match of needed and received support from a within-person perspective are rare. Therefore, we investigated the daily within-person relationship of well-being and the balance of needed and received social support in a German Sample of 79 younger (23e34 years) and 88 older adults (68e83 years). Health complaints and negative affect were predicted with linear effects of received and needed emotional support and quadratic effects of the balance (i.e., difference) of these two aspects using multilevel modeling of selfreports over 20 days. The predicted beneficial association between a match of needed and received support (i.e., a support balance) and well-being was observed among younger adults. Needed support was associated with more health complaints and negative affect on the same day. The match of needed and received support is important for well-being, particularly in younger adults. Future research should account for support needed in research on received support and shed more light into the processes underlying these short-term within-person relationships of social support and well-being.
DIPF-Departments:
Bildung und Entwicklung
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