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Autor*innen: Teltemann, Janna; Klieme, Eckhard
Titel: The impact of international testing projects on policy and practice
Aus: Brown, Gavin T. L.;Harris, Lois R. (Hrsg.): Handbook of human and social conditions in assessment, New York; NY: Routledge, 2016 , S. 369-386
Dokumenttyp: 4. Beiträge in Sammelwerken; Lexika/Enzyklopädie o.ä.
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Bildungspolitik; Bildungsreform; Internationaler Vergleich; Internationalisierung; Leistungsmessung; PISA <Programme for International Student Assessment>; Rechenschaftslegung; Schülerleistungstest; Vergleichsuntersuchung; Wirkung
Abstract: For knowledge-based economics competing with each other worldwide, the production of human capital is deemed to be an important growth factor. The growing importance of education as a means of productivity involves an increasing need for effectiveness within national education systems. Consequently, standardized international student assessments have become more frequent during the last decades and have raised considerable interest in politics, media, and academia. [...] Associated with the rise of international testing projects is a substantial change in the modes of policy making in education. The assessments are not only used to identify good and weak performers, but rather they are used as a central instrument for prescribing reforms of national education policies (Feniger & Lefstein, 2014). In fact, educational reform as a response to results of international assessments can be observed in many countries [...]. Currently, the implications of these policy trends are highly controversial among educational scientists, politicians, and other stakeholders in education. [...] We take the OECD PISA study as an example, as it is the most prominent and biggest endeavor in this respect. We argue that the current debate lacks robust empirical findings of the real effects and consequences of international testing projects on practices as well as on learning outcomes. [...] We first briefly summarize general changes in national and international educational governance and illustrate central features of the OECD PISA study. The third section presents theoretical accounts explaining changes - or resistance to change - in education policies and practice. In the fourth section, we review previous case studies on policy effects of international assessment. We take a closer look at Germany as an example where PISA has had considerable impact on the education system. Further, we present our own empirical analyses with PISA data to illustrate changes in assessment and accountability practices in OECD countries between 2000 and 2012. In our conclusion, we argue that future research should focus on exploiting the potential of the data generated by international assessments. This would promote a better understanding of effects of assessments on practices and outcomes and open up possibilities to formulate alternative policy recommendations based on solid research. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation