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Zum Zusammenspiel von Selbstwert, sozialer Herkunft und kognitiven Fähigkeiten für die Vorhersage […]
Becker, Michael; Baumert, Jürgen; Tetzner, Julia; Wagner, Jenny; Maaz, Kai; Köller, Olaf
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Zeitschrift für Pädagogik | 2021
42244 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Becker, Michael; Baumert, Jürgen; Tetzner, Julia; Wagner, Jenny; Maaz, Kai; Köller, Olaf
Titel:
Zum Zusammenspiel von Selbstwert, sozialer Herkunft und kognitiven Fähigkeiten für die Vorhersage von Bildungs- und Berufserfolg im Erwachsenenalter
In:
Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 67 (2021) 5, S. 682-702
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Deutsch
Schlagwörter:
Jugendlicher; Junger Erwachsener; Selbstwertgefühl; Kognitive Kompetenz; Soziale Herkunft; Prognose; Berufserfolg; Bildungserfolg; Psychosoziale Fähigkeit; Wirkung; Interaktion; Schulform; Bildungsbiografie; Sozioökonomische Lage; Einkommen; Regressionsanalyse; Multivariate Analyse; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract:
Eine der zentralen Fragen sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung ist die Vorhersage sozioökonomischen Erfolges im Erwachsenenalter. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Bedeutung des Selbstwertes und dessen Zusammenspiel mit sozialer Herkunft und kognitiven Grundfähigkeiten im frühen Jugendalter für die Vorhersage des Bildungs- und beruflichen Erfolges. Spezifisch wird geprüft, ob die Faktoren interagieren und vor allem Selbstwert kompensatorisch oder verstärkend auf existierende (soziale) Herkunftsunterschiede wirkt. Dies wurde mit der längsschnittlichen Studie Bildungsverläufe und psychosoziale Entwicklung im Jugendalter und jungen Erwachsenenalter (BIJU) mit den Entwicklungen von der 7. Klasse bis ins Alter von knapp 31 Jahren untersucht. Es ließen sich Hinweise auf einen positiven Interaktionseffekt zwischen Selbstwert und sozioökonomischem Hintergrund für die Vorhersage des Bildungserfolges identifizieren. Dieser Interaktionseffekt konnte jedoch auch mit einer Interaktion zwischen sozioökonomischem Hintergrund und kognitiven Grundfähigkeiten erklärt werden. Im Hinblick auf Berufsstatus und Arbeitseinkommen deuteten sich keine Haupt- und Interaktionseffekte des Selbstwerts an. Zusammenfassend fanden sich zumindest für den Bildungserfolg im Erwachsenenalter Indizien für kumulative Vorteile aufgrund vorangehender (sozialer) Unterschiede (Matthäuseffekte). Diese waren jedoch nicht spezifisch für Selbstwert, sondern auch durch kognitive Ressourcen erklärbar. Es fanden sich keine Hinweise auf kompensatorische Effekte zwischen vorangehenden Ressourcenunterschieden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
One of the central questions in social science research is what predicts socioeconomic success in adulthood. This article investigates the role of self-esteem and its interplay with social background and intelligence in early adolescence in predicting educational attainment and occupational success in adulthood. Specifically, the present study tests for interactions between these factors and examines whether self-esteem, in particular, has a compensatory or amplifying effect on existing (social) background differences. To this end, it draws on data from the longitudinal study Learning Processes, Educational Careers, and Psychosocial Development in Adolescence and Young Adulthood (BIJU), tracking development from the age of 12 to 31 years. The results indicate a positive interaction effect between self-esteem and socioeconomic background in predicting educational attainment. However, this interaction effect was similarly explained by an interaction between socioeconomic background and intelligence. There were no main or interaction effects of self-esteem on occupational status or income. In sum, at least for educational attainment in adulthood, the results point to cumulative advantages of baseline (social) differences (Matthew effects). These were not specific to self-esteem, however, but were also explained by cognitive resources. No evidence was found for compensatory effects between baseline differences in resources. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
Wie unterstützen Eltern die häuslichen Lernaktivitäten von Kindern mit Lernstörung? Eine […]
Brandenburg, Janin; Huschka, Sina Simone
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Kindheit und Entwicklung | 2021
41202 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Brandenburg, Janin; Huschka, Sina Simone
Titel:
Wie unterstützen Eltern die häuslichen Lernaktivitäten von Kindern mit Lernstörung? Eine Längsschnittstudie
In:
Kindheit und Entwicklung, 30 (2021) 2, S. 116-126
DOI:
10.1026/0942-5403/a000337
URL:
https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/0942-5403/a000337
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Deutsch
Schlagwörter:
Kind; Lernschwierigkeit; Kontrollgruppe; Lernaktivität; Hausaufgabe; Praxis; Eltern; Hilfe; Unterstützung; Fragebogen; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Frankfurt am Main; Deutschland
Abstract:
Theoretischer Hintergrund: Für Kinder mit Lernstörung (LS) hören die Lernproblemen nicht mit dem Unterrichtsschluss auf, sondern setzen sich bei den Hausaufgaben fort. Dennoch ist über die Hausaufgabenpraxis bei LS wenig bekannt. Fragestellung: Ziel war es, die familiäre Hausaufgabenpraxis bei Kindern mit und ohne LS längsschnittlich zu untersuchen. Methode: 82 Eltern (davon 47 von einem Kind mit LS) wurden zu vier Zeitpunkten befragt und latente Veränderungsmodelle gerechnet. Ergebnisse: Eltern von Kindern mit LS berichteten mehr Kontrolle und Konflikte bei den Hausaufgaben und nahmen ihre Hilfe als weniger kompetent wahr. Auch forderten sie von ihren Kindern weniger Anstrengung ein. Längsschnittlich nahmen bei beiden Gruppen die Hausaufgabenkontrolle sowie die familiäre Belastung ab. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Die schwierigere Hausaufgabensituation bei Kindern mit LS legt nahe, das Thema bei der Diagnostik anzusprechen und zu eruieren, wie die Familien entlastet werden können. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
Theoretical Background: Although research suggests that parents become more involved in the homework process when their child exhibits problems in school, most research has not focused on children with learning disorders (LDs). Therefore, little is known about how parents of children with LDs support their children's learning. In addition, only a few longitudinal studies exist, even though parental homework involvement is likely to change throughout schooling. Objective: Parental homework involvement for children with and without LDs during the transition from primary to secondary school was examined. Specifically, we investigated (a) interindividual differences in the amount of homework support provided by parents of children with and without LDs, as well as (b) the linear trend and the interindividual stability of parents' homework involvement. Method: In this 2-year longitudinal study, 82 parents (47 parents of a child with LDs) completed a questionnaire on homework involvement at four measurement points every 6 months. The questionnaire consisted of four scales: (a) parental competence regarding help with homework, (b) parental homework control, (c) parent-child conflicts during homework, and (d) parents' effort attribution. Results: Bivariate correlations between the scales were mostly insignificant with two exceptions: (1) the more competent parents felt in helping with homework, the more they made use of control, and (2) parents who made more use of homework control, reported more parent-child conflicts than parents who controlled their child's homework to a lesser extent. Latent change score models revealed that parents continuously reduced homework control over the 2-year period and that parent-child conflicts during homework also significantly decreased - both for families of children with LDs and those without. The interindividual differences between parents, however, remained relatively constant over time, suggesting high rank-order stability of parental homework involvement. The results further showed that compared with parents of children without LDs, parents of children with LDs reported a higher frequency of homework control and increased homework conflict. They also felt less competent to effectively help with homework. Significant group differences were also found concerning parents' emphasis on effort: Parents of children with LDs attributed school success less strongly to effort. Discussion and Conclusion: Overall, the study showed that the homework situation is more stressful in families of children with LDs than in those without LDs. The longitudinal results further support the idea that parental homework involvement does not remain consistent over time but rather undergoes some changes as children grow older and transfer to secondary school. Thus, caution is warranted when generalizing results from cross-sectional studies on parental homework involvement to different grade levels. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildung und Entwicklung
The joint power of personality and motivation dynamics for occupational success. Bridging two […]
Brandt, Naemi D.; Isreal, Anne; Becker, Michael; Wagner, Jenny
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: European Journal of Personality | 2021
42515 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Brandt, Naemi D.; Isreal, Anne; Becker, Michael; Wagner, Jenny
Titel:
The joint power of personality and motivation dynamics for occupational success. Bridging two largely separated fields
In:
European Journal of Personality, 35 (2021) 4, S. 480-509
DOI:
10.1177/0890207021996965
URL:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0890207021996965
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Arbeitsbedingungen; Berufserfolg; Deutschland; Einflussfaktor; Erwachsener; Erwartung; Faktorenanalyse; Junger Erwachsener; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Latente Wachstumskurvenmodelle; Messverfahren; Motivation; Persönlichkeit; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Schulabschluss; Selbstkonzept; Selbstwirksamkeit; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Überzeugung; Veränderung; Zufriedenheit
Abstract (english):
When establishing a career in adulthood, two major socioemotional ingredients are expected to affect people's success: how people act (personality) and what motivates them to act this way (motivation). However, little is known about whether and how personality and motivation change together and how their possible dynamic interplay predicts success. We investigated the roles that changes in personality and expectancy beliefs played in explaining occupational success in 4121 participants assessed after high school (Mage ¼ 22.80, SDage ¼ 0.70; 63% female) and about 20 years later. We used latent change models and moderated structural equation modeling to investigate correlated change and latent change interactions of personality and expectancy beliefs in predicting success. Results illustrated that besides being related in a nomological net, personality and expectancy beliefs also illustrated a strong interrelatedness in change across time. We found the clearest joint change dynamics between emotional stability, conscientiousness, self-concept, and self-efficacy. Changes in personality and expectancy beliefs were furthermore associated with objective and subjective occupational success. The results call for a more integrative view on personality-motivation dynamics across time for understanding the long-term adaptive ingredients of occupational success stories in adulthood.
DIPF-Abteilung:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
Model‐based treatment of rapid guessing
Deribo, Tobias; Kröhne, Ulf; Goldhammer, Frank
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Journal of Educational Measurement | 2021
41271 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Deribo, Tobias; Kröhne, Ulf; Goldhammer, Frank
Titel:
Model‐based treatment of rapid guessing
In:
Journal of Educational Measurement, 58 (2021) 2, S. 281-303
DOI:
10.1111/jedm.12290
URL:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jedm.12290?af=R
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Leistungstest; Testkonstruktion; Messverfahren; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren; Frage; Antwort; Verhalten; Dauer; Problemlösen; Modell; Student; Medienkompetenz; Item-Response-Theory; Multiple-Choice-Verfahren; Validität; Panel; Längsschnittuntersuchung
Abstract (english):
The increased availability of time-related information as a result of computer-based assessment has enabled new ways to measure test-taking engagement. One of these ways is to distinguish between solution and rapid guessing behavior. Prior research has recommended response-level filtering to deal with rapid guessing. Response-level filtering can lead to parameter bias if rapid guessing depends on the measured trait or (un-)observed covariates. Therefore, a model based on Mislevy and Wu (1996) was applied to investigate the assumption of ignorable missing data underlying response-level filtering. The model allowed us to investigate different approaches to treating response-level filtered responses in a single framework through model parameterization. The study found that lower-ability test-takers tend to rapidly guess more frequently and are more likely to be unable to solve an item they guessed on, indicating a violation of the assumption of ignorable missing data underlying response-level filtering. Further ability estimation seemed sensitive to different approaches to treating response-level filtered responses. Moreover, model-based approaches exhibited better model fit and higher convergent validity evidence compared to more naïve treatments of rapid guessing. The results illustrate the need to thoroughly investigate the assumptions underlying specific treatments of rapid guessing as well as the need for robust methods. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Are questionnaire scales which measure non-cognitive constructs suitable as school effectiveness […]
Grützmacher, Luisa; Vieluf, Svenja; Hartig, Johannes
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: School Effectiveness and School Improvement | 2021
41472 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Grützmacher, Luisa; Vieluf, Svenja; Hartig, Johannes
Titel:
Are questionnaire scales which measure non-cognitive constructs suitable as school effectiveness criteria? A measurement invariance analysis
In:
School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 32 (2021) 3, S. 430-447
DOI:
10.1080/09243453.2021.1903511
URL:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09243453.2021.1903511
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Schule; Effektivität; Messverfahren; Fragebogen; Reliabilität; Validität; Schüler; Sekundarbereich; Deutschunterricht; Lesen; Einstellung <Psy>; Mathematikunterricht; Interesse; Selbstkonzept; Mitarbeit; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Datenanalyse; Hamburg; Deutschland
Abstract (english):
This study aimed at examining the suitability of questionnaire instruments commonly used in large-scale assessments for measuring non-cognitive school effectiveness criteria. It focused on questions of reliability and validity for capturing changes in students within schools across time and the instruments' sensitivity to school effects. The aim was also to propose an approach for analyzing measurement invariance across levels and time simultaneously. The study used longitudinal data from the KESS (Kompetenzen und Einstellungen von Schülerinnen und Schülern [competencies and attitudes of students]) study, conducted in Hamburg, Germany. The sample is comprised of 17,926 students in 189 secondary schools. Data were collected three or four times. The results of the analyses show that all investigated scales are suitable in terms of reliability and validity. However, only the scale interest in mathematics is sensitive to school effects and therefore suitable as a school effectiveness criterion. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Changes in school alienation profiles among secondary school students and the role of teaching […]
Hadjar, Andreas; Grecu, Alyssa; Scharf, Jan; de Moll, Frederick; Morinaj, Julia; Hascher, Tina
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: International Journal of Educational Research | 2021
40769 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Hadjar, Andreas; Grecu, Alyssa; Scharf, Jan; de Moll, Frederick; Morinaj, Julia; Hascher, Tina
Titel:
Changes in school alienation profiles among secondary school students and the role of teaching style. Results from a longitudinal study in Luxembourg and Switzerland
In:
International Journal of Educational Research, 105 (2021) , S. 101697
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101697
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-238927
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-238927
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Schüler; Schule; Entfremdung; Musterbildung; Sekundarstufe I; Übergang; Unterrichtsstil; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Profilanalyse; Sekundäranalyse; Internationaler Vergleich; Luxemburg; Schweiz
Abstract (english):
What students think about school has a major impact on learning and academic achievement. The multi-domain concept of school alienation distinguishes between alienation from learning, from teachers and from classmates. We aim to study a) alienation patterns among secondary school students, b) how school alienation profiles change from year 7 to year 9 and how secondary school students transition between profiles, and c) the role of teaching style for transitions between school alienation profiles. We draw on panel data of secondary school students from Luxembourg and Switzerland. Results of latent profile/latent transition analyses reveal distinct school alienation profiles, country differences and support for the idea that student-oriented, supportive teaching styles might prevent students from transitioning towards more-highly alienated profiles.
DIPF-Abteilung:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
Dimensional comparison effects on (gendered) educational choices
Jansen, Malte; Becker, Michael; Neumann, Marko
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Journal of Educational Psychology | 2021
40547 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Jansen, Malte; Becker, Michael; Neumann, Marko
Titel:
Dimensional comparison effects on (gendered) educational choices
In:
Journal of Educational Psychology, 113 (2021) 2, S. 330-350
DOI:
10.25656/01:22045
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-220459
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-220459
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Gymnasium; Mathematikunterricht; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht; Sekundarstufe II; Leistungskurs; Schüler; Erwartung; Wahlpflichtfach; Interesse; Selbstkonzept; Motiv <Psy>; Wirkung; Bildungserfolg; Bildungsaspiration; Studienwahl; Prognose; Geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschied; Vergleich; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Berlin; Deutschland;
Abstract:
Expectancy-value theory (EVT) proposes that students' appraisals of success expectancy and task value are the main drivers of their study and career choices. Dimensional comparison theory proposes that these beliefs are themselves affected by students comparing their ability across different domains. However, only a few studies have aimed to integrate these approaches and clarify the role of dimensional comparisons within EVT. Using longitudinal data, we aimed to fill this gap by studying within- and cross-domain effects of achievement (grades and test scores), academic self-concept (as a surrogate for expectancy beliefs), and values on German adolescents' (N = 519) high school course choices and their intentions to major in a STEM subject at university. We show that (a) self-concepts predicted course choices, whereas values predicted STEM study intentions; (b) dimensional comparison patterns (positive within-domain and negative across-domain relations) were present; (c) gender differences in course choices were mediated by differences in achievement, self-concept, and value; and (d) there was an incremental gender effect on STEM study intentions above and beyond achievement, self-concept, value, and previous course choices. Furthermore, overall, a model incorporating cross-domain paths representing dimensional comparisons fit the data better than a model without these paths. We conclude that direct and indirect dimensional comparison effects contribute to predicting choices of high school courses and university majors and to understanding gender differences in these choices. We recommend that studies in the EVT framework include cross-domain effects. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
What matters when? Social and dimensional comparisons in the context of university major choice
Keyserlingk, Luise von; Dicke, Anna-Lena; Becker, Michael; Eccles, Jacquelynne J.
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: AERA Open | 2021
42044 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Keyserlingk, Luise von; Dicke, Anna-Lena; Becker, Michael; Eccles, Jacquelynne J.
Titel:
What matters when? Social and dimensional comparisons in the context of university major choice
In:
AERA Open, 7 (2021)
DOI:
10.1177/23328584211020711
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-251726
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-251726
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Schüler; Student; Studienfach; Fächerwahl; Leistung; Vergleich; Standard; Fähigkeit; Selbstkonzept; Mathematik; Deutsch; Sekundarbereich; Schuljahr 12; Universität; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Leistungstest; Messung; Befragung; Datenanalyse; Strukturgleichungsmodell; Mehrebenenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract:
Students compare their achievement to different standards in order to evaluate their ability. We built on the theoretical frameworks of situated expectancy-value theory, dimensional comparison theory, and the big-fish-little-pond effect literature to examine the role of social and dimensional comparisons for ability self-concept and subjective task value (STV) in secondary school and university major choice. We used two German longitudinal data sets from different cohorts with data collection in 12th grade and 2 years after high school graduation (Study 1: N = 2,207, Study 2: N = 1,710). Dimensional and social comparisons predicted students' self-concept and domain-specific STV in school: Individual achievement was positively related to ability self-concept and STV in the corresponding domain and negatively related in the noncorresponding domain. School-level mean achievement was negatively related to ability self-concept and STV in the corresponding domain. Dimensional comparisons were directly related to university major choice, social comparisons were only indirectly related. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
A little autonomy support goes a long way. Daily autonomy-supportive parenting, child well-being, […]
Neubauer, Andreas B.; Schmidt, Andrea; Kramer, Andrea C.; Schmiedek, Florian
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Child Development | 2021
41086 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Neubauer, Andreas B.; Schmidt, Andrea; Kramer, Andrea C.; Schmiedek, Florian
Titel:
A little autonomy support goes a long way. Daily autonomy-supportive parenting, child well-being, parental need fulfillment, and change in child, family, and parent adjustment across the adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic
In:
Child Development, 92 (2021) 5, S. 1679-1697
DOI:
10.1111/cdev.13515
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-252301
URL:
https://www.pedocs.de/volltexte/2022/25230/pdf/Child_Development_2021_Neubauer_et_al_A_Little_Autonomy_Support_Goes_a_Long_Way_A.pdf
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Mehrebenenanalyse; Deutschland; Pandemie; Eltern; Kind; Selbstständigkeit; Unterstützung; Wirkung; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden; Bedürfnisbefriedigung; Veränderung; Verhaltensänderung; Anpassung; Familienleben; Stress; Vitalität; Befragung; Fragebogen; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Strukturgleichungsmodell
Abstract:
This study examined the effects of daily parental autonomy support on changes in child behavior, family environment, and parental well‐being across 3 weeks during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Germany. Day‐to‐day associations among autonomy‐supportive parenting, parental need fulfillment, and child well‐being were also assessed. Parents (longitudinal N = 469; Mage = 42.93, SDage = 6.40) of school children (6-19 years) reported on adjustment measures at two measurement occasions and completed up to 21 daily online questionnaires in the weeks between these assessments. Results from dynamic structural equation models suggested reciprocal positive relations among autonomy‐supportive parenting and parental need fulfillment. Daily parental autonomy support, parental need fulfillment, and child well‐being partially predicted change in adjustment measures highlighting the central role of daily parenting for children's adjustment during the pandemic. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildung und Entwicklung
Neural correlates of successful memory encoding in kindergarten and early elementary school […]
Nolden, Sophie; Brod, Garvin; Meyer, Ann-Kristin; Fandakova, Yana; Shing, Yee Lee
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Cerebral Cortex | 2021
42309 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Nolden, Sophie; Brod, Garvin; Meyer, Ann-Kristin; Fandakova, Yana; Shing, Yee Lee
Titel:
Neural correlates of successful memory encoding in kindergarten and early elementary school children. Longitudinal trends and effects of schooling
In:
Cerebral Cortex, 31 (2021) 8, S. 3764-3779
DOI:
10.1093/cercor/bhab046
URL:
https://academic.oup.com/cercor/article-abstract/31/8/3764/6248485
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Kind; Gedächtnis; Kognitive Prozesse; Entwicklung; Leistung; Kindergarten; Schulanfang; Wirkung; Gehirn; Neurowissenschaften; Test; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Datenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Berlin; Deutschland
Abstract (english):
From age 5 to 7, there are remarkable improvements in children's cognitive abilities ("5-7 shift"). In many countries, including Germany, formal schooling begins in this age range. It is, thus, unclear to what extent exposure to formal schooling contributes to the "5-7 shift." In this longitudinal study, we investigated if schooling acts as a catalyst of maturation. We tested 5-year-old children who were born close to the official cutoff date for school entry and who were still attending a play-oriented kindergarten. One year later, the children were tested again. Some of the children had experienced their first year of schooling whereas the others had remained in kindergarten. Using 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks that assessed episodic memory formation (i.e., subsequent memory effect), we found that children relied strongly on the medial temporal lobe (MTL) at both time points but not on the prefrontal cortex (PFC). In contrast, older children and adults typically show subsequent memory effects in both MTL and PFC. Both children groups improved in their memory performance, but there were no longitudinal changes nor group differences in neural activation. We conclude that successful memory formation in this age group relies more heavily on the MTL than in older age groups. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildung und Entwicklung
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