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Autor*innen: Brod, Garvin
Titel: Toward an understanding of when prior knowledge helps or hinders learning
In: npj Science of Learning, 6 (2021) , S. 24
DOI: 10.1038/s41539-021-00103-w
URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41539-021-00103-w
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Einflussfaktor; Gedächtnis; Kognition; Lernen; Lernerfolg; Lernprozess; Lerntheorie; Vorwissen
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Autor*innen: Ciordas-Hertel, George-Petru; Rödling, Sebastian; Schneider, Jan; Di Mitri, Daniele; Weidlich, Joshua; Drachsler, Hendrik
Titel: Mobile sensing with smart wearables of the physical context of distance learning students to consider its effects on learning
In: Sensors, 21 (2021) 19, S. 6649
DOI: 10.3390/s21196649
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6649
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Lernen; Einflussfaktor; Lernumgebung; Lernort; Lernvoraussetzungen; Hausunterricht; Learning Analytics; Smartphone; Neue Technologien; Datenerhebung; Erhebungsinstrument; Software; Softwareentwicklung; Implementierung; Erwachsener; Fragebogen; Datenanalyse
Abstract: Research shows that various contextual factors can have an impact on learning. Some of these factors can originate from the physical learning environment (PLE) in this regard. When learning from home, learners have to organize their PLE by themselves. This paper is concerned with identifying, measuring, and collecting factors from the PLE that may affect learning using mobile sensing. More specifically, this paper first investigates which factors from the PLE can affect distance learning. The results identify nine types of factors from the PLE associated with cognitive, physiological, and affective effects on learning. Subsequently, this paper examines which instruments can be used to measure the investigated factors. The results highlight several methods involving smart wearables (SWs) to measure these factors from PLEs successfully. Third, this paper explores how software infrastructure can be designed to measure, collect, and process the identified multimodal data from and about the PLE by utilizing mobile sensing. The design and implementation of the Edutex software infrastructure described in this paper will enable learning analytics stakeholders to use data from and about the learners' physical contexts. Edutex achieves this by utilizing sensor data from smartphones and smartwatches, in addition to response data from experience samples and questionnaires from learners' smartwatches. Finally, this paper evaluates to what extent the developed infrastructure can provide relevant information about the learning context in a field study with 10 participants. The evaluation demonstrates how the software infrastructure can contextualize multimodal sensor data, such as lighting, ambient noise, and location, with user responses in a reliable, efficient, and protected manner.
Abstract (english): Research shows that various contextual factors can have an impact on learning. Some of these factors can originate from the physical learning environment (PLE) in this regard. When learning from home, learners have to organize their PLE by themselves. This paper is concerned with identifying, measuring, and collecting factors from the PLE that may affect learning using mobile sensing. More specifically, this paper first investigates which factors from the PLE can affect distance learning. The results identify nine types of factors from the PLE associated with cognitive, physiological, and affective effects on learning. Subsequently, this paper examines which instruments can be used to measure the investigated factors. The results highlight several methods involving smart wearables (SWs) to measure these factors from PLEs successfully. Third, this paper explores how software infrastructure can be designed to measure, collect, and process the identified multimodal data from and about the PLE by utilizing mobile sensing. The design and implementation of the Edutex software infrastructure described in this paper will enable learning analytics stakeholders to use data from and about the learners' physical contexts. Edutex achieves this by utilizing sensor data from smartphones and smartwatches, in addition to response data from experience samples and questionnaires from learners' smartwatches. Finally, this paper evaluates to what extent the developed infrastructure can provide relevant information about the learning context in a field study with 10 participants. The evaluation demonstrates how the software infrastructure can contextualize multimodal sensor data, such as lighting, ambient noise, and location, with user responses in a reliable, efficient, and protected manner.
DIPF-Abteilung: Informationszentrum Bildung
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Autor*innen: Decristan, Jasmin; Schastak, Martin; Reitenbach, Valentina; Rauch, Dominique
Titel: Außerunterrichtliches Peer Tutoring mit deutsch-türkischsprachigen Grundschulkindern. Umsetzungsgenauigkeit und Umfang von bilingualer Kommunikation
In: Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 24 (2021) 4, S. 841-860
DOI: 10.1007/s11618-021-01023-6
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252329
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252329
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Deutsch
Schlagwörter: Datenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland; Grundschüler; Deutsch; Türkisch; Bilingualismus; Kooperatives Lernen; Kommunikation; Peergroup; Tutor; Tandem-Methode; Außerunterrichtliche Betreuung; Training; Rechnen; Leseförderung; Intervention; Implementierung; Umsetzung; Audioaufzeichnung;
Abstract: Der vorliegende Beitrag fokussiert die Implementation von außerunterrichtlichen Peer Tutoring-Trainings im Lesen und Rechnen mit türkisch-deutschsprachigen Grundschulkindern. Hierbei bildeten jeweils zwei Grundschulkinder (Peers) ein Tandem, das von einer geschulten studentischen Trainingsleitung angeleitet wurde. Zur Erfassung der Implementation von Peer Tutoring-Elementen unter diesen Bedingungen wurde die Umsetzungsgenauigkeit herangezogen. Eine Besonderheit der Studie war, dass es einem Teil der Trainingsgruppen erlaubt war, beide Sprachen während des Trainings zu sprechen. Für die bilinguale Kommunikation wurden zusätzliche Operationalisierungen geprüft, um die Umsetzung bilingualer Kommunikation zu erfassen. Darüber hinaus wird im Beitrag konsequent zwischen der Implementation durch Trainingsleitungen und durch Lernende unterschieden. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die hohe Umsetzungsgenauigkeit der außerunterrichtlichen Peer Tutoring-Trainings. Sie zeigen aber auch auf, dass die Lernenden in diesem Setting nur wenig miteinander in ihrer Herkunftssprache kommunizierten und mehr türkischsprachige Impulse durch Trainingsleitungen nicht mit mehr bilingualer Kommunikation durch die Lernenden einherging. Der Beitrag liefert somit weitere Erkenntnisse zur Aktivierung und zum Umfang bilingualer Kommunikation beim kooperativen Lernen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): The paper focusses on the implementation of extracurricular peer tutoring trainings in reading and arithmetic with Turkish-German primary school children. Two children formed a dyad and were accompanied by a trained undergraduate instructor. Adherence was used to measure the implementation of peer tutoring elements under these conditions. Some of the learners were allowed to speak both languages during the training. For bilingual communication, additional operationalizations were examined to capture its implementation. Furthermore, a consistent distinction is made between implementation by trainers and by peers. The results show high treatment adherence of extracurricular peer tutoring trainings. However, they also show that the learners communicated only little with each other in their language of origin and that more Turkish-language impulses by trainees did not correspond with more bilingual communication by the learners. The article thus provides further insights into the activation and extent of bilingual communication in cooperative learning. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung; Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
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Autor*innen: Dignath, Charlotte
Titel: For unto every one that hath shall be given. Teachers' competence profiles regarding the promotion of self‑regulated learning moderate the effectiveness of short‑term teacher training
In: Metacognition and Learning, 16 (2021) 3, S. 555-594
DOI: 10.1007/s11409-021-09271-x
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11409-021-09271-x
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Lehrer; Kompetenz; Lernen; Selbstregulation; Unterricht; Schüler; Förderung; Kognitive Prozesse; Metakognition; Motivation; Wissen; Überzeugung; Selbstwirksamkeit; Lehrerfortbildung; Training; Effektivität; Unterricht; Schüler; Förderung; Fragebogenerhebung; Datenanalyse; Chi-Quadrat Test; Regressionsanalyse; Faktorenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract (english): Teachers play a major role in the effectiveness of student learning. Teacher's competence contributes to their classroom practice. We applied a generic model of teacher competence to the specific context of teachers' promotion of self-regulated learning (SRL) in the classroom, and investigated teachers' competence profiles regarding SRL (study 1) and how teachers' competence can moderate the effectiveness of teacher training (study 2). In the first step, in study 1 191 teachers were assessed according to different characteristics that have been found to be important aspects of teacher competence (knowledge, beliefs, and self-efficacy). To investigate how these characteristics co-occur in teachers we determined latent profiles of teacher competence regarding SRL. To this end, and the data were subjected to a latent profile analysis that yielded two levels of competence profile: low and high competence to promote SRL. These competence profiles were positively associated with teachers' self-reported SRL practice in the classroom. Next, to test whether these competence profiles affect teachers' competence development, we conducted a training study. In this study 2, we examined the effects of an 8-h long teacher training about SRL on the development of teachers' competence (knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy) and on their SRL practice in the classroom with a repeated measures control group design. Forty-five teachers participated in the training, and these teachers and their 543 students evaluated the effectiveness of the training. Training effects were found on the teacher level, but not on the student level. Teachers who participated in the training outperformed the control teachers in their development of self-efficacy to foster SRL, and their perceived SRL practice. Moreover, teachers' competence profiles moderated the training effect, showing that teachers with an initially high competence benefitted more from the training. Applying a generic model of teacher competence to the context of promoting SRL seems beneficial to inspire future research on indicators of teachers' SRL practice. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
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Autor*innen: Dignath, Charlotte; Mevarech, Zemira
Titel: Introduction to the special issue. Mind the gap between research and practice in the area of teachers' support of metacognition and SRL
In: Metacognition and Learning, 16 (2021) 3, S. 517-521
DOI: 10.1007/s11409-021-09285-5
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11409-021-09285-5
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Einführung; Pandemie; Hausunterricht; Selbstregulation; Metakognition; Schüler; Selbstgesteuertes Lernen; Forschung; Praxis; Lehrer; Lehramtsstudent; Unterstützung; Professionalität
Abstract (english): Since spring 2020, governments all over the world have temporarily and repeatedly closed schools in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Learning at home requires a large amount of self-regulated learning (SRL) where students have to acquire and practice learning contents and skills independently without being provided with face to face support by their teacher. Current research reports that the main difficulties that students and teachers experience in these learning situations are related to SRL (Fischer et al., 2020). But also in everyday learning situations at school, SRL has been found to contribute significantly to students' learning progress, their motivation, and their achievement (Zimmerman & Bandura, 1994; Dent & Koenka, 2016). Acquiring skills for SRL is a necessity for students to become lifelong learners (Taranto & Buchanan, 2020), which has now been shown even more. However, when schools moved to distance learning, it not only became apparent how important SRL is, but also how poorly most students were prepared for SRL. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
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Autor*innen: Dignath, Charlotte; Veenman, Marcel V. J.
Titel: The role of direct strategy instruction in promoting self-regulated learning - evidence from classroom observation studies
In: Educational Psychology Review, 33 (2021) 2, S. 489-533
DOI: 10.1007/s10648-020-09534-0
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10648-020-09534-0
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Selbstgesteuertes Lernen; Lehrer; Lernumgebung; Unterricht; Lernstrategie; Schüler; Förderung; Unterrichtsbeobachtung; Studien; Publikation; Analyse
Abstract (english): Despite the consensus about the importance of self-regulated learning for academic as well as for lifelong learning, it is still poorly understood as to how teachers can most effectively support their students in enacting self-regulated learning. This article provides a framework about how self-regulated learning can be activated directly through strategy instruction and indirectly by creating a learning environment that allows students to regulate their learning. In examining teachers' instructional attempts for SRL, we systematically review the literature on classroom observation studies that have assessed how teachers support their students' SRL. The results of the 17 retrieved studies show that in most classrooms, only little direct strategy instruction took place. Nevertheless, some teachers provided their students with learning environments that require and thus foster self-regulated learning indirectly. Based on a review of classroom observation studies, this article stresses the significance of (1) instructing SRL strategies explicitly so that students develop metacognitive knowledge and skills to integrate the application of these strategies successfully into their learning process, and (2) the necessity of complementing classroom observation research with data gathered from student and teacher self-report in order to obtain a comprehensive view of the effectiveness of teacher approaches to support SRL. Finally, we discuss ten cornerstones for future directions for research about supporting SRL.
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Drachsler, Hendrik; Jansen, Jeroen; Kirschner, Paul A.
Titel: Adoption of learning technologies in times of pandemic crisis
In: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 37 (2021) 6, S. 1509-1512
DOI: 10.1111/jcal.12626
URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcal.12626
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Bibliografien/Rezensionen u.ä. (z.B. Linktipps)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Pandemie; Lernen; Unterricht; Digitalisierung; Online; Lernumgebung; Informationstechnologie
DIPF-Abteilung: Informationszentrum Bildung
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Autor*innen: Kraus, Thorben; Weishaupt, Horst; Hosenfeld, Ingmar
Titel: Segregierte Schulmilieus, variierende Unterrichtsbedingungen und Lernleistungen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Eine Analyse mit Daten der Grundschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz 2015/16
In: Zeitschrift für Grundschulforschung, 14 (2021) 1, S. 129-148
DOI: 10.1007/s42278-020-00102-7
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs42278-020-00102-7
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Deutsch
Schlagwörter: Bedingung; Deutschland; Grundschule; Korrelation; Lernen; Lernstandserhebung; Leseverstehen; Mathematische Kompetenz; Migrationshintergrund; Milieu; Modellbildung; Papier-Bleistift-Test; Personal; Rheinland-Pfalz; Schule; Schüler; Schülerleistung; Schulorganisation; Schulstatistik; Segregation; Sonderpädagogischer Förderbedarf; Soziale Benachteiligung; Sprache; Unterricht
Abstract: Auf der Grundlage der VERA3-Daten der Grundschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der sozialen Zusammensetzung der Schülerinnen und Schüler der einzelnen Schulen und den durchschnittlichen Leistungen im Leseverstehen und in Mathematik analysiert. Besonders interessiert der vermittelnde Einfluss der schulstatistisch erfassten schul- und unterrichtsorganisatorischen Bedingungen, weil sie - im Gegensatz zu der familiären Situation der Schülerinnen und Schüler - schulpolitisch beeinflusst werden können. Neben deskriptiven Befunden wird ein Pfadmodell berechnet, in das die schulorganisatorischen Variablen als vermittelnde Prozessvariablen des Zusammenhangs zwischen Merkmalen der Schülerschaft und den gemessenen durchschnittlichen Leistungen enthalten sind. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): Drawing on data from the VERA3 study of primary schools in Rhineland-Palatinate, the authors analyze the correlation between social compositions of students in individual schools and average reading and mathematics achievement. Particular attention is paid to the mediating influence of school statistically relevant conditions of school and instructional organization, which - other than the family background - can be influenced by educational policy-making. Alongside presenting descriptive findings, the authors calculate a path model which contains the school organizational variables as mediating process variables of the correlation between student population variables and measured average achievement. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens
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Autor*innen: Seidenberg, Nina; Scheffel, Maren; Kovanovic, Vitomir; Lynch, Grace; Drachsler, Hendrik
Titel: Virtual academic conferences as learning spaces. Factors associated with the perceived value of purely virtual conferences
In: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 37 (2021) 6, S. 1694-1707
DOI: 10.1111/jcal.12614
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252298
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252298
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Konferenz; Videokonferenz; Online; Pandemie; Wissenschaftler; Lernen; Soziale Interaktion; Kommunikation; Vernetzung; Fachkonferenz; Wahrnehmung; Bewertung; Befragung; Umfrage; Datenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung
Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 outbreak came with an unprecedented opportunity to investigate how the new reality of social distancing and limited international travel will affect the organization of academic conferences.
Objectives: Drawing on conceptualization of academic conferences as professional learning spaces, in this study, we examine the factors associated with the perceived value of purely virtual academic conferences and how such perceptions differ between participants from different research fields. The aim was to gain knowledge about factors that should be considered when designing a virtual conference.
Methods: Survey data from participants of three different virtual conferences were collected (N = 311). Kendall's rank correlation and χ2-analyses were performed.
Results and Conclusion: Results show satisfaction with social interaction, the extent to which presentations met participants' topics of interest and the perceived importance of learning and getting an overview on the research topic to be related to the value rating. Researchers from different research fields differ significantly in their opinion about the most appropriate conference format regarding getting an overview on the research topic. For some researchers, virtual participation might be a valuable alternative to attending a conference in person. The study serves as a first attempt to understand how and for which target groups virtual conferences serve as a valuable learning event. Further research on this conference format is needed.
Lay Description
What is already known about the topic: Prior to the pandemic only a few academic conferences were held purely virtual, thus scientific knowledge about this event format was rather scarce. Research on face-to-face conferences identified these events as platforms for networking and learning with a focus on social interaction. Mainly informal social interaction and networking is limited in the virtual space.
What this paper adds: First insights how and for which target groups virtual conferences serve as a valuable learning event. Perceptions about the most appropriate conference format regarding certain conference aspects among researchers from different fields.
Implications for practice: Formal interaction opportunities should be considered when designing a virtual conference. Virtual conferences are valuable events especially for those people, who focus on learning.
DIPF-Abteilung: Informationszentrum Bildung
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Autor*innen: Tetzlaff, Leonard; Schmiedek, Florian; Brod, Garvin
Titel: Developing personalized education. A dynamic framework
In: Educational Psychology Review, 33 (2021) 3, S. 863-882
DOI: 10.1007/s10648-020-09570-w
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252373
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252373
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Unterricht; Individualisierung; Adaptiver Unterricht; Lernender; Lernprozess; Datenerhebung; E-Learning; Lernumgebung; Schulklasse; Binnendifferenzierung; Forschungsstand; Lerndynamik; Modellbildung; Unterrichtsgestaltung; Lernforschung; Lehr-Lern-Forschung
Abstract: Personalized education - the systematic adaption of instruction to individual learners - has been a long-striven goal. We review research on personalized education that has been conducted in the laboratory, in the classroom, and in digital learning environments. Across all learning environments, we find that personalization is most successful when relevant learner characteristics are measured repeatedly during the learning process and when these data are used to adapt instruction in a systematic way. Building on these observations, we propose a novel, dynamic framework of personalization that conceptualizes learners as dynamic entities that change during and in interaction with the instructional process. As these dynamics manifest on different timescales, so do the opportunities for instructional adaptions - ranging from setting appropriate learning goals at the macroscale to reacting to affective-motivational fluctuations at the microscale. We argue that instructional design needs to take these dynamics into account in order to adapt to a specific learner at a specific point in time. Finally, we provide some examples of successful, dynamic adaptations and discuss future directions that arise from a dynamic conceptualization of personalization. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung