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Autor*innen: Dorbath, Lara; Hasselhorn, Marcus; Titz, Cora
Titel: Effects of education on executive functioning and its trainability
In: Educational Gerontology, 39 (2013) 5, S. 314-325
DOI: 10.1080/03601277.2012.700820
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Alter; Arbeitsgedächtnis; Bildung; Bildungsbiografie; Bildungsniveau; Kognitive Entwicklung; Kognitive Kompetenz; Kognitive Prozesse; Test; Training; Wirkung
Abstract (english): Age-related changes in executive functioning are a main source of cognitive aging. High cognitive reserve, as well as training interventions, have been shown to protect against age-related decline in executive functions. Whether education as one prominent marker of cognitive reserve has a protective effect is, however, ambiguous. Furthermore, little is known about a potential interplay of cognitive reserve and training interventions. The present study, therefore, examines (a) the influence of education on focus-switching as a recently identified executive control process and (b) the impact of education on its trainability. To this end, extreme groups of high- and low-educated younger (age 19-35) and older (age 59-80) adults were selected from a larger training study on focus-switching. Results show that whereas education influences older adults' cognitive performance in focus-switching in a protective way, no effect of education emerged in younger age participants. Training gains, however, are not affected by educational level in either age group.
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung