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Segregierte Schulmilieus, variierende Unterrichtsbedingungen und Lernleistungen der Schülerinnen […] Kraus, Thorben; Weishaupt, Horst; Hosenfeld, Ingmar Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Zeitschrift für Grundschulforschung | 2021 40945 Endnote: Autor*innen: Kraus, Thorben; Weishaupt, Horst; Hosenfeld, Ingmar
Titel: Segregierte Schulmilieus, variierende Unterrichtsbedingungen und Lernleistungen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Eine Analyse mit Daten der Grundschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz 2015/16
In: Zeitschrift für Grundschulforschung, 14 (2021) 1, S. 129-148
DOI: 10.1007/s42278-020-00102-7
URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs42278-020-00102-7
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Deutsch
Schlagwörter: Bedingung; Deutschland; Grundschule; Korrelation; Lernen; Lernstandserhebung; Leseverstehen; Mathematische Kompetenz; Migrationshintergrund; Milieu; Modellbildung; Papier-Bleistift-Test; Personal; Rheinland-Pfalz; Schule; Schüler; Schülerleistung; Schulorganisation; Schulstatistik; Segregation; Sonderpädagogischer Förderbedarf; Soziale Benachteiligung; Sprache; Unterricht
Abstract: Auf der Grundlage der VERA3-Daten der Grundschulen in Rheinland-Pfalz wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der sozialen Zusammensetzung der Schülerinnen und Schüler der einzelnen Schulen und den durchschnittlichen Leistungen im Leseverstehen und in Mathematik analysiert. Besonders interessiert der vermittelnde Einfluss der schulstatistisch erfassten schul- und unterrichtsorganisatorischen Bedingungen, weil sie - im Gegensatz zu der familiären Situation der Schülerinnen und Schüler - schulpolitisch beeinflusst werden können. Neben deskriptiven Befunden wird ein Pfadmodell berechnet, in das die schulorganisatorischen Variablen als vermittelnde Prozessvariablen des Zusammenhangs zwischen Merkmalen der Schülerschaft und den gemessenen durchschnittlichen Leistungen enthalten sind. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): Drawing on data from the VERA3 study of primary schools in Rhineland-Palatinate, the authors analyze the correlation between social compositions of students in individual schools and average reading and mathematics achievement. Particular attention is paid to the mediating influence of school statistically relevant conditions of school and instructional organization, which - other than the family background - can be influenced by educational policy-making. Alongside presenting descriptive findings, the authors calculate a path model which contains the school organizational variables as mediating process variables of the correlation between student population variables and measured average achievement. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens

Who participates in content-focused teacher professional development? Evidence from a large scale […] Richter, Eric; Kunter, Mareike; Marx, Alexandra; Richter, Dirk Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Frontiers in Education | 2021 41503 Endnote: Autor*innen: Richter, Eric; Kunter, Mareike; Marx, Alexandra; Richter, Dirk
Titel: Who participates in content-focused teacher professional development? Evidence from a large scale study
In: Frontiers in Education, (2021) , S. 6:722169
DOI: 10.3389/feduc.2021.722169
URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2021.722169/full
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Lehrer; Lehrerin; Mathematikunterricht; Fachwissen; Unterricht; Qualität; Professionalität; Berufliche Fortbildung; Lehrerfortbildung; Teilnahme; Motivation; Datenanalyse; Sekundäranalyse; Deutschland
Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between teacher quality and teachers' engagement in professional development (PD) activities using data on 229 German secondary school mathematics teachers. We assessed different aspects of teacher quality (e.g. professional knowledge, instructional quality) using a variety of measures, including standardised tests of teachers' content knowledge, to determine what characteristics are associated with high participation in PD. The results show that teachers with higher scores for teacher quality variables take part in more content-focused PD than teachers with lower scores for these variables. This suggests that teacher learning may be subject to a Matthew effect, whereby more proficient teachers benefit more from PD than less proficient teachers. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen

Distance learning, parent-child interactions, and affective well-being of parents and children […] Schmidt, Andrea; Kramer, Andrea C.; Brose, Annette; Schmiedek, Florian; Neubauer, Andreas B. Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Developmental Psychology | 2021 42137 Endnote: Autor*innen: Schmidt, Andrea; Kramer, Andrea C.; Brose, Annette; Schmiedek, Florian; Neubauer, Andreas B.
Titel: Distance learning, parent-child interactions, and affective well-being of parents and children during the COVID-19 pandemic. A diary study
In: Developmental Psychology, 57 (2021) 10, S. 1719-1734
DOI: 10.1037/dev0001232
URL: https://doi.apa.org/fulltext/2022-06056-013.html
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Pandemie; Fernunterricht; Hausunterricht; Eltern; Kind; Interaktion; Kind-Eltern-Beziehung; Affekt; Wohlbefinden; Alltag; Belastung; Bewertung; Fragebogen; Online; Stichprobe; Mehrebenenanalyse; Empirische Untersuchung; Deutschland
Abstract: To slow down the spread of the COVID-19 virus, schools around the world were closed in early 2020, transferring children's scholastic activities to the homes and imposing a massive burden on parents and school-age children. Using data of a 21-day diary study conducted between March and April 2020 in Germany, this work examined whether (a) distance learning and (b) parents' involvement therein were associated with negative parent-child interactions and affective well-being of parents and children, over and above the effect of daily stressors. Participants were 562 parents (489 mothers, Mage = 42.79, SDage = 6.12, range = 25-63) most of whom were married (n = 382, 68.0%). They responded to the daily items with respect to the youngest child living in their household (Mage = 9.74, SDage = 2.81, range = 6-19). On days when children were working on school tasks, parents reported more negative parent-child interactions as well as lower parental and child positive affect and higher child negative affect, but not higher parental negative affect. Moreover, days when parents were more heavily involved in learning (i.e., when children worked less independently) were days with more negative parent-child interactions, lower parental and child positive affect, and higher parental and child negative affect. Negative parent-child interactions were linked to lower affective well-being of parents and children, and partially accounted for the relation among daily stressors and affective well-being. The present work highlights the need for measures to better support school-age children and their parents during distance learning. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung

Developing personalized education. A dynamic framework Tetzlaff, Leonard; Schmiedek, Florian; Brod, Garvin Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Educational Psychology Review | 2021 40764 Endnote: Autor*innen: Tetzlaff, Leonard; Schmiedek, Florian; Brod, Garvin
Titel: Developing personalized education. A dynamic framework
In: Educational Psychology Review, 33 (2021) 3, S. 863-882
DOI: 10.1007/s10648-020-09570-w
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252373
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252373
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Unterricht; Individualisierung; Adaptiver Unterricht; Lernender; Lernprozess; Datenerhebung; E-Learning; Lernumgebung; Schulklasse; Binnendifferenzierung; Forschungsstand; Lerndynamik; Modellbildung; Unterrichtsgestaltung; Lernforschung; Lehr-Lern-Forschung
Abstract: Personalized education - the systematic adaption of instruction to individual learners - has been a long-striven goal. We review research on personalized education that has been conducted in the laboratory, in the classroom, and in digital learning environments. Across all learning environments, we find that personalization is most successful when relevant learner characteristics are measured repeatedly during the learning process and when these data are used to adapt instruction in a systematic way. Building on these observations, we propose a novel, dynamic framework of personalization that conceptualizes learners as dynamic entities that change during and in interaction with the instructional process. As these dynamics manifest on different timescales, so do the opportunities for instructional adaptions - ranging from setting appropriate learning goals at the macroscale to reacting to affective-motivational fluctuations at the microscale. We argue that instructional design needs to take these dynamics into account in order to adapt to a specific learner at a specific point in time. Finally, we provide some examples of successful, dynamic adaptations and discuss future directions that arise from a dynamic conceptualization of personalization. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung

Deadlines don't prevent cramming. Course instruction and individual differences predict learning […] Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik; Imhof, Margarete Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Learning and Individual Differences | 2021 41287 Endnote: Autor*innen: Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik; Imhof, Margarete
Titel: Deadlines don't prevent cramming. Course instruction and individual differences predict learning strategy use and exam performance
In: Learning and Individual Differences, 87 (2021) , S. 101994
DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2021.101994
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1041608021000315?via%3Dihub
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Hochschulunterricht; Arbeitsanleitung; Student; Lernmethode; Individueller Unterschied; Studienleistung; Logdatei; Analyse; Quasi-Experiment; Deutschland
Abstract: The goal of the present study was to investigate how course instruction and individual differences in general academic competences and conscientiousness relate to students' learning strategy use and exam performance. The sample comprised two cohorts of university students who attended a lecture on the same topic, but with varying course instruction: In the blended course (N = 238), the teacher applied deadlines for self-testing and offered regular in-class meetings to encourage distributed practice over the semester. In the online course, students studied independently without regular meetings, nor deadlines (N = 200). Learning strategies were measured objectively using behavioral log-file data. Students in the blended course used fewer self-tests than online students which was associated with poor exam performance. Academic competences (high school GPA) positively predicted exam performance via more distributed practice and self-testing. Conscientiousness was related to more distributed practice which was associated with better exam performance. Results revealed that (voluntary) in-class meeting and deadlines did not prevent cramming. Especially less conscientious students with lower general academic competences need further support in applying efficient learning strategies. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung

Tackling scientific misconceptions. The element of surprise Theobald, Maria; Brod, Garvin Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Child Development | 2021 41286 Endnote: Autor*innen: Theobald, Maria; Brod, Garvin
Titel: Tackling scientific misconceptions. The element of surprise
In: Child Development, 92 (2021) 5, S. 2128-2141
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13582
URL: https://srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cdev.13582
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Missverständnis; Kind; Grundschulalter; Stichprobe; Lernprozess; Lernforschung; Pupillenreflex; Kognition; Revision; Überraschung; Überzeugung; Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht; Naturwissenschaftliches Denken; Widerspruch; Lernverhalten; Einflussfaktor; Kognitive Lerntheorie
Abstract: Misconceptions about scientific concepts often prevail even if learners are confronted with conflicting evidence. This study tested the facilitative role of surprise in children's revision of misconceptions regarding water displacement in a sample of German children (N = 94, aged 6-9 years, 46% female). Surprise was measured via the pupil dilation response. It was induced by letting children generate predictions before presenting them with outcomes that conflicted with their misconception. Compared to a control condition, generating predictions boosted children's surprise and led to a greater revision of misconceptions (d = 0.56). Surprise further predicted successful belief revision during the learning phase. These results suggest that surprise increases the salience of a cognitive conflict, thereby facilitating the revision of misconceptions. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung

English learner labeling. How English learner classification in kindergarten shapes teacher […] Umansky, Ilana; Dumont, Hanna Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: American Educational Research Journal | 2021 41541 Endnote: Autor*innen: Umansky, Ilana; Dumont, Hanna
Titel: English learner labeling. How English learner classification in kindergarten shapes teacher perceptions of student skills and the moderating role of bilingual instructional settings
In: American Educational Research Journal, 58 (2021) 5, S. 993-1031
DOI: 10.3102/0002831221997571
URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.3102/0002831221997571
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Kindergarten; Englisch als Zweitsprache; Kind; Vorschulalter; Wirkung; Lehrer; Einstellung <Psy>; Bilingualer Unterricht; Einflussfaktor; Wahrnehmung; Schülerleistung; Grundschule; Schuljahr 01; Schuljahr 02; Grundschüler; Lesekompetenz; Naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz; Mehrsprachigkeit; Befragung; Längsschnittuntersuchung; USA
Abstract: Prior research has shown that English learner (EL) classification is consequential for students; however, less is known about how EL classification affects student outcomes. In this study, we examine one hypothesized mechanism: teacher perceptions. Using a national data set (Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort of 2010-2011 or ECLS-K:2011), we use coarsened exact matching to estimate the effect of kindergarten EL status on teachers' perceptions of students' academic skills. We further explore whether that impact is moderated by instructional setting (bilingual vs. English immersion). We find evidence that EL classification results in lower teacher perceptions. This impact is, however, moderated by bilingual environments. In bilingual classrooms, we do not find evidence that EL classification results in diminished perceptions. This study adds to research on teacher perceptions and the effects of EL classification. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Struktur und Steuerung des Bildungswesens

Individual differences in perceptions of social presence. Exploring the role of personality in […] Weidlich, Joshua; Kreijns, Karel; Bastiaens, Theo Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Open Education Studies | 2021 41371 Endnote: Autor*innen: Weidlich, Joshua; Kreijns, Karel; Bastiaens, Theo
Titel: Individual differences in perceptions of social presence. Exploring the role of personality in online distance learning
In: Open Education Studies, 3 (2021) , S. 188-201
DOI: 10.1515/edu-2020-0153
URL: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/edu-2020-0153/html
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Soziale Interaktion; Wahrnehmung; Fernunterricht; Online; Persönlichkeit; Typologie; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Literaturübersicht; Student; Studentin; Fernuniversität; Hagen; Befragung; Fragebogen; Likert-Skala; Deutschland
Abstract: Social presence is a central concept relating to interpersonal aspects in online distance learning. However, the conditions and determinants of its emergence are not yet fully understood. As a construct rooted in social psychology, the potential of individual differences predicting perceptions of social presence has been largely neglected, thus, constituting a gap in our understanding. In a sample of 201 online distance education students, the merits of a trait-level view of social presence were investigated. To this end, personality was assessed using the Big Five personality inventory, exploring both a dimensional and a typological approach. Results suggest that specific personality typologies may be more prone to perceptions of social presence, thus calling for an extension of our theoretical modeling of the construct. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Informationszentrum Bildung

Are we there yet? A systematic literature review on chatbots in education Wollny, Sebastian; Schneider, Jan; Di Mitri, Daniele; Weidlich, Joschua; Rittberger, Marc; […] Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence | 2021 41308 Endnote: Autor*innen: Wollny, Sebastian; Schneider, Jan; Di Mitri, Daniele; Weidlich, Joschua; Rittberger, Marc; Drachsler, Hendrik
Titel: Are we there yet? A systematic literature review on chatbots in education
In: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, (2021) , S. 4:654924
DOI: 10.3389/frai.2021.654924
URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frai.2021.654924/
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Chatroom; Bildung; Unterricht; Pädagogik; Personalisierung; Mentoring; Systematic Review
Abstract (english): Chatbots are a promising technology with the potential to enhance workplaces and everyday life. In terms of scalability and accessibility, they also offer unique possibilities as communication and information tools for digital learning. In this paper, we present a systematic literature review investigating the areas of education where chatbots have already been applied, explore the pedagogical roles of chatbots, the use of chatbots for mentoring purposes, and their potential to personalize education. We conducted a preliminary analysis of 2678 publications to perform this literature review, which allowed us to identify 74 relevant publications for chatbots' application in education. Through this, we address five research questions that, together, allow us to explore the current state-of-the-art of this educational technology. We conclude our systematic review by pointing to three main research challenges: 1. Aligning chatbot evaluations with implementation objectives, 2. Exploring the potential of chatbots for mentoring students, and 3. Exploring and leveraging adaptation capabilities of chatbots. For all three challenges, we discuss opportunities for future research.
DIPF-Abteilung: Informationszentrum Bildung

Guter Unterricht unter den Bedingungen der Pandemie. Lehrkräfte haben weiterhin die Verantwortung […] Klieme, Eckhard Zeitschriftenbeitrag | In: SchulVerwaltung. Ausgabe Baden-Württemberg | 2021 40976 Endnote: Autor*innen: Klieme, Eckhard
Titel: Guter Unterricht unter den Bedingungen der Pandemie. Lehrkräfte haben weiterhin die Verantwortung für das Lernen
In: SchulVerwaltung. Ausgabe Baden-Württemberg, 30 (2021) 1, S. 14-17
DOI: 10.25656/01:23919
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-239192
URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-239192
Dokumenttyp: 3b. Beiträge in weiteren Zeitschriften; praxisorientiert
Sprache: Deutsch
Schlagwörter: Deutschland; Pandemie; Unterricht; Qualität; Lernbedingungen; Lehrerrolle; Verantwortung; Schulorganisation; Krise; Unterrichtsgespräch; Kommunikation; Aufgabenstellung; Digitale Medien; Selbstgesteuertes Lernen; Kognitives Lernen; Aktives Lernen; Kompetenz; Förderung
Abstract: Im vorliegenden Beitrag geht es darum, festzuhalten, was guten Unterricht im Kern ausmacht. Diese Faktoren sollten auch in der jetzigen Krisensituation beachtet werden. So attraktiv es erscheinen mag, in Zeiten der Pandemie Unterricht ganz neu zu denken - fächerübergreifend, situationsorientiert oder von "Schlüsselthemen" im Sinne Klafkis her -, so wenig vorbereitet sind Lehrende und Lernende auf einen radikalen Umbruch - von wenigen Reformschulen abgesehen, die z.B. nach Jenaplan-Prinzipien arbeiten. Und so wichtig es ist, Kinder und Jugendliche gerade in diesen Zeiten sozial und emotional zu stützen, so unverantwortlich wäre es, den systematischen Aufbau fachlicher und damit verbundener fachübergreifender Kompetenzen zu vernachlässigen. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen

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