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Autor*innen: Breitwieser, Jasmin; Neubauer, Andreas; Brod, Garvin
Titel: Incremental validity of online over offline reports of volitional control in predicting learning success
In: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 51 (2019) 2, S. 204-215
DOI: 10.1026/0049-8637/a000219
URL: https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/0049-8637/a000219
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Selbstregulation; Student; Datenerfassung; Einflussfaktor; Prognose; Lernerfolg; Methode; Messverfahren; Fragebogen; Online; Tagebuch; Logdatei; Lernziel; Wille; Selbsteinschätzung; Erhebungsinstrument; Vergleich
Abstract: Volitionale Kontrolle ist ein integraler Bestandteil selbstregulierten Lernens und ein wichtiger Faktor zur Erklärung individueller Unterschiede in der akademischen Leistung. Unterschiedliche Erhebungsmethoden zur Erfassung volitionaler Kontrolle wurden bisher jedoch selten systematisch untersucht. Zwei gebräuchliche Methoden sind a) Offline-Fragebogen, in welchen über einen längeren Zeitraum aggregierte Lernerfahrungen erfragt werden und b) Online-Fragebogen wie etwa Lerntagebücher, die Lernerfahrungen zeitnah erfassen. Wir verglichen die beiden Erhebungsmethoden bei 96 Medizinstudierenden, die sich auf das Zweite Staatsexamen vorbereiteten. Das Erreichen selbstgesetzter Lernziele wurde mittels Logfile-Daten objektiv gemessen. Die täglichen Einschätzungen der Studierenden erklärten substantielle Varianz in der Lernzielerreichung über den Offline-Fragebogen hinaus, was für die inkrementelle Validität von Online-Erhebungen der Selbstregulation spricht. Darüber hinaus erklärten die Lerntagebuchdaten zur volitionalen Kontrolle intra-individuelle tägliche Schwankungen in der Lernzielerreichung. Die vorliegende Studie legt daher nahe, dass Lerntagebucherfassungen, obgleich aufwändig, deutliche Vorteile gegenüber Offline-Fragebogen haben. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): Volitional control (i. e., efforts to maintain goal striving in the face of obstacles) is an integral part of self-regulated learning and an important factor for explaining individual differences in academic performance. However, differences between the various methods for assessing volitional control have rarely been investigated. Two common methods are (a) offline questionnaires, in which respondents aggregate experiences over a longer period of time, and (b) online questionnaires such as learning diaries, which assess respondents' experiences close to the learning event. We compared these assessment approaches in 96 medical students who prepared for a high-stakes exam. Achievement of self-set learning goals was measured objectively via logfiles of students' activities on a learning platform. Daily reports of volitional control explained substantial variance in the achievement of learning goals over and above the offline questionnaire, indicating incremental validity of online assessments of self-regulation. Moreover, the daily reports of volitional control could explain intra-individual day-to-day variance in goal achievement. The current study, thus, suggests that learning diaries, albeit cumbersome, have clear advantages over offline questionnaires. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Autor*innen: Theobald, Maria; Bellhäuser, Henrik
Titel: Mind the gap! Unmet time schedules predict university students' negative affect during the examination phase
In: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 51 (2019) 4, S. 190-203
DOI: 10.1026/0049-8637/a000218
URL: https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/0049-8637/a000218
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Deutschland; Student; Prüfung; Lernzeit; Planung; Strategie; Einflussfaktor; Affekt; Stress; Wohlbefinden; Selbstregulation; Tagesablauf; Lernverhalten; Feedback; Einstellung <Psy>; Tagebuch; Mehrebenenanalyse
Abstract: In der vorliegenden Studie wurde das dynamische Zusammenspiel zwischen Affekt und Zeitinvestment während der Prüfungsphase untersucht. Studierende (N = 56) füllten täglich Lerntagebücher aus und berichteten eine gleichzeitige Zunahme von negativem Affekt, geplantem Zeitinvestment und tatsächlicher Lernzeit über den Erhebungszeitraum (30 Tage). Der Anstieg des negativen Affekts konnte teilweise durch den Anstieg in der Lernzeit zu Semesterende erklärt werden. Bessere Planungsstrategien waren mit geringerem negativem und höherem positivem Affekt assoziiert. Verfehlte Zeitpläne sagten einen höheren negativen und geringeren positiven Affekt voraus. Die Ergebnisse zeigten zudem kompensatorische Feedbackschleifen: Negativer Affekt am Abend sagte ein höheres geplantes Zeitinvestment am nächsten Morgen vorher, jedoch ohne Verbesserungen der Planungsstrategien. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass verfehlte Zeitpläne zum Anstieg des negativen Affekts während der Prüfungsvorbereitung beitragen könnten. Interventionen sollten Planungsstrategien fördern, um Studierende darin zu unterstützen, die Differenz zwischen geplanter und echter Lernzeit zu reduzieren. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english): The goal of this study was to investigate the dynamic interplay of affect and time investment during exam preparation using daily learning diaries. University students (N = 56) reported a simultaneous increase in negative affect as well as intended and actual time investment over the course of the survey period (30 days). Cramming of study time partially accounted for the increase in negative affect. More planning strategies were associated with lower negative and more positive affect. Unmet time schedules predicted higher negative and lower positive affect. Results further revealed compensatory feedback loops: Higher negative affect in the evening predicted higher intended time investment on the next morning, but without improvements in planning strategies. Results suggest that unmet time schedules could contribute to the increase in negative affect during exam preparation. Interventions should promote students' planning to reduce the difference between intended and actual time investment. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Autor*innen: Brose, Annette; Schmiedek, Florian; Koval, Peter; Kuppens, Peter
Titel: Emotional inertia contributes to depressive symptoms beyond perseverative thinking
In: Cognition and Emotion, 29 (2015) 3, S. 527-538
DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2014.916252
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.916252
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Affekt; Depression; Deutschland; Emotionaler Zustand; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Negativität; Prognose; Psychologische Forschung; Tagebuch; Zeit
Abstract: The autocorrelation or inertia of negative affect reflects how much negative emotions carry over from moment to moment and has been associated with increased depressive symptoms. In this study, we posed three challenges to this association by examining: (1) whether emotional inertia is relevant for depressive symptoms when assessed on a longer timescale than usual; (2) whether inertia is uniquely related to depressive symptoms after controlling for perseverative thoughts; and (3) whether inertia is related to depressive symptoms over and above the within-person association between affect and perseverative thoughts. Participants (N = 101) provided ratings of affect and perseverative thoughts for 100 days; depressive symptoms were reported before and after the study, and again after 2.5 years. Day-to-day emotional inertia was related to depressive symptoms over and above trait and state perseverative thoughts. Moreover, inertia predicted depressive symptoms when adjusting for its association with perseverative thoughts. These findings establish the relevance of emotional inertia in depressive symptoms independent of perseverative thoughts. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildung und Entwicklung
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Autor*innen: Miche, Martina; Wahl, Hans-Werner; Diehl, Manfred; Oswald, Frank; Kaspar, Roman; Kolb, Maren
Titel: Natural occurrence of subjective aging experiences in community dwelling older adults
In: Journals of Gerontology. Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69 (2014) 2, S. 174-187
DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbs164
URN: urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-193070
URL: http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2020/19307/pdf/J_geron_B_2016_2_Miche_et_al_Natural_Occurrence_of_Subjective_Aging_Experiences_A.pdf
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Alter; Altern; Deutschland; Empirische Untersuchung; Frankfurt a.M.; Gesundheit; Interview; Lebensbewältigung; Senior; Subjektivität; Tagebuch; Verhalten; Wohlbefinden; Zufriedenheit
Abstract (english): The subjective experience of aging is a relevant correlate of developmental outcomes. However, traditional approaches fall short of capturing the inherent multidimensionality of subjective aging experiences (SAEs). […] This study provides a description of SAEs that is facet rich, and based on their natural occurrence, analyzes interindividual differences and associations with well-being. Data came from 225 participants (70-88 years) of the ongoing BEWOHNT study. Open-ended diary entries about age-related experiences were collected for more than 14 days and coded according to AARC domains and subdomains. Seventy percent of all participants had SAEs about physical functioning. About half of the sample reported experiences in the domains interpersonal relations, social-emotional and social-cognitive functioning (COGN-EMOT), and lifestyle. Thirty percent experienced aging in terms of changes in cognitive functioning. Contents of SAEs varied by gender, age group, and functional status. SAEs about COGN-EMOT were most consistently related to affective components of subjective well-being. Our results demonstrate the benefits of an open-ended approach to a multidimensional understanding of SAEs. Content-related, social-cognitive and social-emotional changes more than functional age-related changes were most important for well-being.
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Schmitz, Bernhard; Klug, Julia; Hertel, Silke
Titel: Collecting and analyzing longitudinal diary data
Aus: Laursen, Brett; Little, Todd D.; Card, Noel A. (Hrsg.): Handbook of developmental research methods, New York: Guilford Press, 2012 , S. 181-195
Dokumenttyp: 4. Beiträge in Sammelwerken; Lexika/Enzyklopädie o.ä.
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Beobachtung; Datenanalyse; Datenerfassung; Entwicklungspsychologie; Kind; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Lebensalter; Qualität; Reliabilität; Selbstgesteuertes Lernen; Selbstreflexion; Statistische Methode; Tagebuch; Verhalten; Zeitreihenanalyse
Abstract (english): Intraindividual variations in the behavior and experience of humans and interindividual differences within these variations are in the focus of developmental scientists. In this paper the use of diaries as instruments for longitudinal data collection is discussed. Diaries prove to be an appropriate method for measuring human processes and can be applied to every age group by either self-observation or participant observation. They can cover the whole lifespan and a broad set of contents such as relationships, stress, self-regulation, learning, clinical issues and training content. On the basis of diaries it is possible to collect and analyze data with a high level of ecological validity and a variety of sophisticated statistical methods. Statistical assumptions and examples of developmental applications and ways of analyzing time series data gathered from diaries are given. Furthermore, two studies that used diaries and time series analysis in developmental research are presented.
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Hertel, Silke; Schmitz, Bernhard; Klug, Julia
Titel: Diary methods
Aus: Laursen, Brett; Little, Todd D.; Card, Noel A. (Hrsg.): Handbook of developmental research methods, New York: Guilford Press, 2011 , S. 181-195
Dokumenttyp: 4. Beiträge in Sammelwerken; Sammelband (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Datenanalyse; Datenerfassung; Reliabilität; Selbstgesteuertes Lernen; Selbstreflexion; Tagebuch; Zeitreihenanalyse
Abstract (english): Intraindividual variations in the behavior and experience of humans and interindividual differences within these variations are in the focus of developmental scientists. In this paper the use of diaries as instruments for longitudinal data collection is discussed. Diaries prove to be an appropriate method for measuring human processes and can be applied to every age group by either self-observation or participant observation. They can cover the whole lifespan and a broad set of contents such as relationships, stress, self-regulation, learning, clinical issues and training content. On the basis of diaries it is possible to collect and analyze data with a high level of ecological validity and a variety of sophisticated statistical methods. Statistical assumptions and examples of developmental applications and ways of analyzing time series data gathered from diaries are given. Furthermore, two studies that used diaries and time series analysis in developmental research are presented. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
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Autor*innen: Perels, Franziska; Landmann, Meike; Hertel, Silke; Schmitz, B.
Titel: Self-regulation from a process perspective
In: Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 215 (2007) 3, S. 194-204
Dokumenttyp: 3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache: Englisch
Schlagwörter: Selbstregulation; Prozess; Modell; Schüler; Schuljahr 08; Lernen; Tagebuch; Intervention; Evaluation; Zeitreihenanalyse
Abstract (english): The first aim of this study was to analyze self-regulation from a process perspective. Therefore, a process model of self-regulation (Schmitz&Wiese, 2006) was described, postulating state components of self-regulation in three learning phases. The relationships within the model were investigated by means of univariate and multivariate time- series analyses based on process data collected through learning diaries. The second aim was to evaluate an intervention study with 8th-grade students as an example for training evaluation based on process data. The whole sample consisted of 249 8th-grade students; for time-series analyses a subsample of 66 students was used. The results concerning the first research question support the conceptualization of the process model and underline the process character of self-regulation as well as the state conceptualization of the model. The training evaluation results show that specifying the results of standard evaluations by means of control group comparison with time- series methods is enriching. (DIPF/Autor)
DIPF-Abteilung: Bildungsqualität und Evaluation