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shinyReCoR: A shiny application for automatically coding text responses using R
Andersen, Nico; Zehner, Fabian
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Psych | 2021
41458 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Andersen, Nico; Zehner, Fabian
Titel:
shinyReCoR: A shiny application for automatically coding text responses using R
In:
Psych, 3 (2021) 3, S. 422-446
DOI:
10.3390/psych3030030
URL:
https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8611/3/3/30
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Natürliche Sprache; Sprachverarbeitung; Text; Codierung; Computerprogramm; Methodologie
Abstract (english):
In this paper, we introduce shinyReCoR: a new app that utilizes a cluster-based method for automatically coding open-ended text responses. Reliable coding of text responses from educational or psychological assessments requires substantial organizational and human effort. The coding of natural language in responses to tests depends on the texts' complexity, corresponding coding guides, and the guides' quality. Manual coding is thus not only expensive but also error-prone. With shinyReCoR, we provide a more efficient alternative. The use of natural language processing makes texts utilizable for statistical methods. shinyReCoR is a Shiny app deployed as an R-package that allows users with varying technical affinity to create automatic response classifiers through a graphical user interface based on annotated data. The present paper describes the underlying methodology, including machine learning, as well as peculiarities of the processing of language in the assessment context. The app guides users through the workflow with steps like text corpus compilation, semantic space building, preprocessing of the text data, and clustering. Users can adjust each step according to their needs. Finally, users are provided with an automatic response classifier, which can be evaluated and tested within the process. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Lehr und Lernqualität in Bildungseinrichtungen
Evaluating QualiCO. An ontology to facilitate qualitative methods sharing to support open science
Hocker, Julian; Bipat, Taryn; McDonald, David W.; Zachry, Marc
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Journal of Internet Services and Applications | 2021
41442 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Hocker, Julian; Bipat, Taryn; McDonald, David W.; Zachry, Marc
Titel:
Evaluating QualiCO. An ontology to facilitate qualitative methods sharing to support open science
In:
Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 12 (2021) , S. 5
DOI:
10.1186/s13174-021-00135-w
URL:
https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13174-021-00135-w
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Ontologie; qualitative Forschung; Methode; Codierung; Open Science; Forschungsdaten; Metadaten; Datenaustausch; Student; Forscher; Benutzerfreundlichkeit; Evaluation; Leitfadeninterview; Inhaltsanalyse; USA
Abstract (english):
Qualitative science methods have largely been omitted from discussions of open science. Platforms focused on qualitative science that support open science data and method sharing are rare. Sharing and exchanging coding schemas has great potential for supporting traceability in qualitative research as well as for facilitating the reuse of coding schemas. In this study, we present and evaluate QualiCO, an ontology to describe qualitative coding schemas. Twenty qualitative researchers used QualiCO to complete two coding tasks. In our findings, we present task performance and interview data that focus participants' attention on the ontology. Participants used QualiCO to complete the coding tasks, decreasing time on task, while improving accuracy, signifying that QualiCO enabled the reuse of qualitative coding schemas. Our discussion elaborates some issues that participants had and highlights how conceptual and prior practice frames their interpretation of how QualiCO can be used. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Can you only diagnose what you know? The relation between teachers' self-regulation of learning […]
Dignath, Charlotte; Sprenger, Lara
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Frontiers in Education | 2020
40920 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Dignath, Charlotte; Sprenger, Lara
Titel:
Can you only diagnose what you know? The relation between teachers' self-regulation of learning concepts and their assessment of students' self-regulation
In:
Frontiers in Education, (2020) , S. 5:585683
DOI:
10.3389/feduc.2020.585683
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252165
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-252165
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Schüler; Selbst gesteuertes Lernen; Lehrer; Förderung; Lernmethode; Bewertung; Kompetenz; Wissen; Diagnostik; Konzeptualisierung; Befragung; Leitfadeninterview; Codierung; Qualitative Forschung; Grundschule; Deutschland
Abstract (english):
Self-regulation of learning (SRL) positively affects achievement and motivation. Therefore, teachers are supposed to foster students' SRL by providing them with strategies. However, two preconditions have to be met: teachers need to diagnose their students' SRL to take instructional decisions about promoting SRL. To this end, teachers need knowledge about SRL to know what to diagnose. Only little research has investigated teachers' knowledge about SRL and its assessment yet. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify teachers' conceptions about SRL, to investigate their ideas about how to diagnose their students' SRL, and to test relationships between both. To this end, we developed two systematic coding schemes to analyze the conceptions about SRL and the ideas about assessing SRL in the classroom among a sample of 205 teachers. The coding schemes for teachers' open answers were developed based on models about SRL and were extended by deriving codes from the empirical data and produced satisfactory interrater reliability (conceptions about SRL: κ = 0.85, SE = 0.03; ideas about assessing SRL: κ = 0.63, SE = 0.05). The results showed that many teachers did not refer to any regulation procedure at all and described SRL mainly as student autonomy and self-directedness. Only few teachers had a comprehensive conception of the entire SRL cycle. We identified three patterns of teachers' conceptualizations of SRL: a motivation-oriented, an autonomy-oriented, and a regulation-oriented conceptualization of SRL. Regarding teachers' ideas about assessing their students' SRL, teachers mainly focused on cues that are not diagnostic of SRL. Yet, many teachers knew about portfolios to register SRL among students. Finally, our results suggest that, partly, teachers' ideas about assessing SRL varied as a function of their SRL concept: teachers with an autonomy-oriented conceptualization of SRL were more likely to use cues that are not diagnostic of SRL, such as unsystematic observation or off-task behavior. The results provide insights into teachers' conceptions of SRL and of its assessment. Implications for future research in the field of SRL will be drawn, in particular about how to support teachers in diagnosing and fostering SR among their students.
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Participatory design for ontologies. A case study of an open science ontology for qualitative […]
Hocker, Julian; Schindler, Christoph; Rittberger, Marc
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Aslib Journal of Information Management | 2020
40522 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Hocker, Julian; Schindler, Christoph; Rittberger, Marc
Titel:
Participatory design for ontologies. A case study of an open science ontology for qualitative coding schemas
In:
Aslib Journal of Information Management, 72 (2020) 4, S. 671-685
DOI:
10.1108/AJIM-11-2019-0320/
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-dipfdocs-231022
URL:
http://www.dipfdocs.de/volltexte/2021/23102/pdf/Hocker_2020_Participatory_design_for_ontologies1.pdf
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Beitrag in Sonderheft
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Ontologie; Design; Partizipation; Geisteswissenschaften; Digitalisierung; Open Science; World Wide Web; Semantik; Qualitative Forschung; Codierung; Schema
Abstract:
The open science movement calls for transparent and retraceable research processes. While infrastructures to support these practices in qualitative research are lacking, the design needs to consider different approaches and workflows. The paper bases on the definition of ontologies as shared conceptualizations of knowledge (Borst, 1999). The authors argue that participatory design is a good way to create these shared conceptualizations by giving domain experts and future users a voice in the design process via interviews, workshops and observations. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Sharing your coding schemas. Developing a platform to fit within the qualitative research workflow
Hocker, Julian; Bipat, Taryn; Zachry, Mark; McDonald, David W.
Sammelbandbeitrag
| Aus: Association for Computing Machinery (Hrsg.): OpenSym 2020: Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration, August 26-27, 2020, online | New York; NY: Association for Computing Machinery | 2020
40523 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Hocker, Julian; Bipat, Taryn; Zachry, Mark; McDonald, David W.
Titel:
Sharing your coding schemas. Developing a platform to fit within the qualitative research workflow
Aus:
Association for Computing Machinery (Hrsg.): OpenSym 2020: Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration, August 26-27, 2020, online, New York; NY: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020 (International Conference Proceeding Series (ICPS)), S. 1-10
DOI:
10.1145/3412569.3412574
URL:
https://opensym.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/os20-paper-a2-hocker.pdf
Dokumenttyp:
4. Beiträge in Sammelbänden; Tagungsband/Konferenzbeitrag/Proceedings
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Open Science; Qualitative Forschung; Interview; Ontologie; Daten; Nutzung; Teilen; Austausch; Codierung; Schema
Abstract:
Qualitative coding schemas are an essential part of qualitative research used in methods like Grounded Theory. To date, there is no platform to share these coding schemas. Sharing and exchanging these coding schemas has a great potential when it comes to the traceability of qualitative research and well as the re-use of coding schemas. Based on an interview study with qualitative researchers, we propose concepts for integrating a new platform for sharing qualitative coding schemas. Based on theoretical work by Birnholtz and Bietz (2002), it became clear that an easy-to-use system can foster the acceptance and the willingness of researchers to share their coding schemas. We identified three major points to focus for this on: the governance of th platform, the development of the ontology itself and integrating the sharing of qualitative coding schemas into the workflow of researchers by enabling direct upload from the qualitative coding software. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Informationszentrum Bildung
Künstliche Intelligenz. Ihr Potenzial und der Mythos des Lehrkraft-Bots
Zehner, Fabian
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Schulmanagement-Handbuch | 2019
39057 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Zehner, Fabian
Titel:
Künstliche Intelligenz. Ihr Potenzial und der Mythos des Lehrkraft-Bots
In:
Schulmanagement-Handbuch, (2019) 169, S. 6-30
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-175610
URL:
http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-175610
Dokumenttyp:
3b. Beiträge in weiteren Zeitschriften; praxisorientiert
Sprache:
Deutsch
Schlagwörter:
Künstliche Intelligenz; Begriff; Computer; Spracherkennung; Data Mining; Codierung; Technologie; Innovation; Unterricht; Lernen; Unterstützung; Testauswertung; E-Learning; Bildungsforschung
Abstract:
[In diesem] Kapitel legt der Autor dar, was Künstliche Intelligenz ausmacht, in welchen Bereichen wir bereits mit Künstlicher Intelligenz konfrontiert sind und wie sie schon heute in unseren Alltag integriert sind. Darauffolgend wird erläutert, wie Künstliche Intelligenz im Bildungsbereich gewinnbringend eingesetzt werden kann. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Automatic processing of text responses in large-scale assessments
Zehner, Fabian
Monographie
| München: mediaTUM | 2016
36670 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Zehner, Fabian
Titel:
Automatic processing of text responses in large-scale assessments
Erscheinungsvermerk:
München: mediaTUM, 2016
URN:
urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20160803-1296326-1-7
URL:
http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1077988?show_id=1296326
Dokumenttyp:
1. Monographien (Autorenschaft); Monographie
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Automatisierung; Codierung; Computer; Geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschied; Mensch; Software; Vergleich; Vergleichsuntersuchung
Abstract:
Beim automatischen Kodieren von Kurztextantworten kategorisiert ein Computer Antworten. In dieser Arbeit wurde eine Software entwickelt, die (i) Textantworten in semantisch homogene Typen gruppiert, (ii) diese Typen kodiert, und (iii) Merkmale extrahiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine annehmbare bis exzellente Übereinstimmung zur menschlichen Kodierung (76-98 %) bei 41.990 Antworten. Zwei weitere Studien zeigen, wie die Software den Erhebungsprozess und inhaltliche Forschung weiterbringen kann. (DIPF/Orig.)
Abstract (english):
{Abstract_englisch}
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Automatic coding of short text responses via clustering in educational assessment
Zehner, Fabian; Sälzer, Christine; Goldhammer, Frank
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Educational and Psychological Measurement | 2016
35473 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Zehner, Fabian; Sälzer, Christine; Goldhammer, Frank
Titel:
Automatic coding of short text responses via clustering in educational assessment
In:
Educational and Psychological Measurement, 76 (2016) 2, S. 280-303
DOI:
10.1177/0013164415590022
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-149795
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-149795
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Antwort; Automatisierung; Codierung; Computerlinguistik; Leistungstest; Methode; PISA <Programme for International Student Assessment>; Software; Technologiebasiertes Testen; Testkonstruktion
Abstract:
Automatic coding of short text responses opens new doors in assessment. We implemented and integrated baseline methods of natural language processing and statistical modelling by means of software components that are available under open licenses. The accuracy of automatic text coding is demonstrated by using data collected in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 in Germany. Free text responses of 10 items with Formula responses in total were analyzed. We further examined the effect of different methods, parameter values, and sample sizes on performance of the implemented system. The system reached fair to good up to excellent agreement with human codings Formula Especially items that are solved by naming specific semantic concepts appeared properly coded. The system performed equally well with Formula and somewhat poorer but still acceptable down to Formula Based on our findings, we discuss potential innovations for assessment that are enabled by automatic coding of short text responses. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Using and improving coding guides for and by automatic coding of PISA short text responses
Zehner, Fabian; Goldhammer, Frank; Sälzer, Christine
Sammelbandbeitrag
| Aus: IEEE ICDM Workshop (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the IEEE ICDM Workshop on Data Mining for Educational Assessment and Feedback (ASSESS 2015) | Atlantic City; NJ: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | 2015
35884 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Zehner, Fabian; Goldhammer, Frank; Sälzer, Christine
Titel:
Using and improving coding guides for and by automatic coding of PISA short text responses
Aus:
IEEE ICDM Workshop (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the IEEE ICDM Workshop on Data Mining for Educational Assessment and Feedback (ASSESS 2015), Atlantic City; NJ: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2015 , S. 1-8
URL:
http://www.aspiringminds.com/assess/2015/papers/PID3896317.pdf
Dokumenttyp:
4. Beiträge in Sammelwerken; Tagungsband/Konferenzbeitrag/Proceedings
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwörter:
Antwort; Codierung; PISA <Programme for International Student Assessment>; Regel <Richtlinie>; Text
Abstract (english):
We propose and empirically evaluate a theoretical framework of how to use coding guides for automatic coding (scoring) and how, in turn, automatic coding can enhance the use of coding guides. We adopted a recently described baseline approach to automatically classify responses. Well-established coding guides from PISA, comprising reference responses, and its German sample from 2012 were used for evaluation. Ten items with 41,990 responses at total were analyzed. Results showed that (1) responses close to the cluster centroid constitute prototypes, (2) automatic coding can improve coding guides, while (3) the proposed procedure leads to unreliable accuracy for small numbers of clusters but promising agreement to human coding for higher numbers. Further analyses are still to be done to find the optimal balance of the implied coding effort and model accuracy. (DIPF/Orig.)
DIPF-Abteilung:
Bildungsqualität und Evaluation
Lesekompetenzen und schulische Lernumwelten: Besondere Fördereffekte des Frühübergangs in Gymnasien?
Becker, Michael; McElvany, Nele; Lüdtke, Oliver; Trautwein, Ulrich
Zeitschriftenbeitrag
| In: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie | 2014
34241 Endnote
Autor*innen:
Becker, Michael; McElvany, Nele; Lüdtke, Oliver; Trautwein, Ulrich
Titel:
Lesekompetenzen und schulische Lernumwelten: Besondere Fördereffekte des Frühübergangs in Gymnasien?
In:
Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 46 (2014) 1, S. 35-50
DOI:
10.1026/0049-8637/a000104
URN:
urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-146089
URL:
https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-146089
Dokumenttyp:
3a. Beiträge in begutachteten Zeitschriften; Aufsatz (keine besondere Kategorie)
Sprache:
Deutsch
Schlagwörter:
Berlin; Decodierung; Deutschland; Entwicklung; Fähigkeit; Grundschule; Grundschüler; Gymnasiast; Gymnasium; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Leistungsgruppe; Lernen; Lesekompetenz; Schulform; Schuljahr 05; Schuljahr 06; Übergang; Vergleichsuntersuchung; Wortschatz
Abstract:
Anhand der Berliner Leselängsschnitt-Studie (LESEN 3 - 6) wurde die schriftsprachliche Kompetenzentwicklung (Leseverständnis, Wortschatz und Dekodierfähigkeit) bei Grundschülerinnen und Grundschülern sowie bei Gymnasiastinnen und Gymnasiasten längsschnittlich analysiert. Ein Fokus lag dabei auf der Frage, ob Schülerinnen und Schüler mit frühzeitigem Wechsel auf das Gymnasium-der in Berlin nach Klassenstufe 4 möglich ist-eine andere Lernentwicklung aufweisen als Kinder mit sechsjähriger Grundschulzeit. Insgesamt nahmen N = 772 Schülerinnen und Schüler aus Berlin an der Studie teil. Auf einer deskriptiven Ebene wurden keine differenziellen Effekte während der gemeinsamen Grundschulzeit (Klassenstufe 3 und 4) zwischen den beiden Gruppen identifiziert. In der Zeit, in der die Kinder in unterschiedliche Schultypen aufgeteilt waren (5. und 6. Klasse), zeigten sich für den Wortschatz und-zumindest tendenziell-für die Dekodierfähigkeit höhere Zugewinne für die Gymnasiasten. Mit Wachstumskurvenanalysen wurde darüber hinaus überprüft, ob sich der differenzielle Zugewinn direkt auf die schulische Gliederung zurückführen ließ, wenn gleichzeitig die interindividuellen Unterschiede in intraindividuellen Veränderungen insgesamt berücksichtigt wurden. Unter Kontrolle dieser interindividuellen Unterschiede konnte in keiner der drei Domänen ein eindeutiger Effekt der schulischen Gliederung belegt werden. Inhaltliche und methodische Aspekte dieser Befunde werden diskutiert.
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